Tabla de contenido
- Programación profesional: sobre esta lista
- Principios
- Contribuyendo a esta lista
- Libros de lectura obligada
- Artículos de lectura obligatoria
- Otro material general y lista de recursos
- Otras listas
- Libros
- Artículos
- Axiomas
- Cursos
- Temas
- Algoritmo y estructuras de datos
- Diseño y desarrollo de API
- Actitud, hábitos, mentalidad
- Autenticación/autorización
- Automatización
- Mejores prácticas
- Más allá de la ingeniería de software y al azar
- Sesgo
- Negocio
- Cache
- Crecimiento profesional
- Elegir su próxima/primera oportunidad
- Llegar al personal ENG
- Conjuntos de caracteres
- Ajedrez
- Nubes
- Revisiones de código
- Codificación y calidad de código
- Comunicación
- Compiladores
- Configuración
- Integración continua (CI)
- Bases de datos
- Formatos de datos
- Ingeniería de ciencia de datos/ingeniería de datos
- Depuración
- Diseño (visual, ux, ui, tipografía)
- Diseño (modelado OO, arquitectura, patrones, antipatrones, etc.)
- Diseño: esquema de base de datos
- Diseño: patrones
- Diseño: simplicidad
- Entorno de desarrollo y herramientas
- Estibador
- Documentación
- Files
- Editores e ide
- Correo electrónico
- Gestión de ingeniería
- Ceremonias
- Experimentación
- Programación funcional (FP)
- Desarrollo de juegos
- Gráficos
- Hardware
- Http
- Humor
- Respuesta de incidentes (Oncall, Alerting, Otalets, Fire -Fighting, Postmortem)
- Internet
- Entrevista
- Kubernetes
- Modelo de lenguaje grande (LLM)
- Aprendizaje y memorización
- Licencias (legales)
- Linux (gestión del sistema)
- Bajo código/no código
- De bajo nivel, ensamblaje
- Aprendizaje automático/AI
- Matemáticas
- Marketing
- Red
- Observabilidad (monitoreo, registro, manejo de excepciones)
- Explotación florestal
- Manejo de errores/excepciones
- Métrica
- Escucha
- Código abierto
- Sistema operativo (OS)
- Intergeneración
- Actuación
- Gestión del conocimiento personal (PKM)
- Productividad personal
- Perspectiva
- Privacidad
- Resolución de problemas
- Gestión de productos para ingenieros de software
- Gestión de proyectos
- Lenguajes de programación
- Pitón
- Javascript
- Recolección de basura
- Paradigma de programación
- Hablar en público (presentación)
- Lectura
- Refactorización
- Regular
- Liberar e implementar
- Versiones
- Listas de verificación
- Banderas de características
- Prueba en producción
- Fiabilidad
- Buscar
- Seguridad
- Shell (línea de comando)
- Sql
- Administración del sistema
- Arquitectura del sistema
- Patrones de arquitectura
- Microservicios/división de un monolito
- Escalabilidad
- Ingeniería de confiabilidad del sitio (SRE)
- Deuda técnica
- Pruebas
- Herramientas
- Sistema tipo
- Tipografía
- Control de versiones (GIT)
- Ética laboral, productividad y equilibrio laboral/vital
- Desarrollo web
- Escribir (comunicación, blogs)
- Recursos e inspiración para presentaciones
- Mantenerse al día
- Conceptos
- Mis otras listas
Programación profesional: sobre esta lista
Dame seis horas para cortar un árbol y pasaré los primeros cuatro afilando el hacha. (Abraham Lincoln)
Una colección de recursos de pila completa para programadores.
El objetivo de esta página es convertirlo en un desarrollador más competente. Encontrarás solo recursos que he encontrado realmente inspiradores, o que se hayan convertido en clásicos atemporales.
Principios
- Esta página no está destinada a ser completa. Estoy tratando de mantenerlo ligero y no demasiado abrumador.
- La selección de artículos es obstinada.
- No necesariamente estoy de acuerdo o respaldo cada línea que esté escrita en cada uno de esos recursos. Lo mismo se aplica a sus autores: no respaldo todo lo que cada uno de esos autores ha dicho y diré.
Elementos:
- ? : lista de recursos
- : libro
- ? : video/extracto de película/película/charla
- ? : diapositivas/presentación
- ️: imprescindible
- ? : papel
Contribuyendo a esta lista
¡Siéntase libre de abrir un PR para contribuir!
No agregaré todo: como se indicó anteriormente, estoy tratando de mantener la lista concisa.
Libros de lectura obligada
He encontrado estos libros increíblemente inspiradores:
- El programador pragmático: de Journeyman a Master: Hands-On El libro más inspirador y útil que he leído sobre la programación.
- Código completo: un manual práctico de construcción de software: una buena adición al programador pragmático, le brinda el marco necesario para hablar sobre el código.
- ¡Lanzamiento!: Este libro va más allá del código y le brinda las mejores prácticas para construir un software listo para la producción. Te dará aproximadamente 3 años de experiencia en el mundo real.
- Reglas de escalabilidad: 50 principios para escalar sitios web
- La interfaz de programación de Linux: un manual de programación del sistema Linux y Unix: fuera de enseñarle casi todo lo que necesita saber sobre Linux, este libro le dará información sobre cómo evoluciona el software y el valor de tener interfaces simples y elegantes.
- Estructura e interpretación de programas de computadora (gratuitos): uno de los libros de texto más influyentes en informática (escrito y utilizado en el MIT), SICP ha sido influyente en la educación CS. Byte recomendó SICP "para programadores profesionales que están realmente interesados en su profesión".
Hay algunos libros gratuitos disponibles, que incluyen:
- Desarrollo de software profesional: bastante completo y un buen compañero para esta página. Los capítulos gratuitos se centran principalmente en procesos de desarrollo de software: diseño, pruebas, redacción de códigos, etc., y no tanto con la tecnología misma.
- ? VHF/Libros de programación libre
- ? EBookfoundation/Libros de programación libre
Artículos de lectura obligatoria
- Consejos prácticos para nuevos ingenieros de software
- Sobre ser ingeniero senior
- Lecciones aprendidas en el desarrollo de software: uno de esos artículos que le brindan años de lecciones ganadas con tanto esfuerzo, todo en un breve artículo. Debe leer.
- Cosas que aprendí de la manera difícil
- Especificar primero, luego código
- Las pruebas hacen mejores API
- El pensamiento futuro es la basura futura
- La documentación es una carta de amor a tu futuro yo
- A veces, es mejor dejar que la aplicación se bloquee que no hacer nada
- Comprender y mantenerse alejado del culto a la carga
- La "herramienta adecuada para el trabajo" es solo para impulsar una agenda
- Aprenda la programación funcional básica
- Siempre use zonas horarias con sus fechas
- Siempre use UTF-8
- Crear bibliotecas
- Aprender a monitorear
- Explícito es mejor que implícito
- Las empresas buscan especialistas pero mantienen a los generalistas más tiempo
- La mejor forma segura de tratar con los datos del usuario es no capturarlos.
- Cuando es hora de parar, es hora de parar
- Eres responsable del uso de tu código
- No digas "está hecho" cuando no es
- Presta atención a cómo reaccionan las personas
- Tenga cuidado con las microgresiones
- Mantenga una lista de "cosas que no sé"
- Signos de que eres un buen programador (no todo aquí es genial, algunos de los puntos son contraproducentes)
- El instinto de experimentar primero
- Desprendimiento emocional del código y el diseño
- Ansioso por arreglar lo que no está roto
- Fascinado por lo incomprensible
- Obligado a enseñar
- Paciencia incorruptible
- Una búsqueda destructiva de la perfección
- Controlada enciclopédica de la plataforma
- Piensa en el código
- Cuando en Roma, hace lo que hace los romanos
- Crea sus propias herramientas
- Indiferente a la jerarquía
- Emocionado por el fracaso
- Indiferente a las circunstancias
- Sustitutos Impulso para el compromiso
- Impulsado por experiencias
- 7 Verdades absolutas que no aprendí como desarrollador junior
- Al principio de su carrera, puede aprender 10 veces más en un equipo de apoyo en 1 año, que codificar por su cuenta
- Cada empresa tiene problemas, cada empresa tiene deuda técnica.
- Ser demasiado obstinado sobre los temas con los que le falta experiencia en el mundo real es bastante arrogante.
- Muchas conversaciones de conferencia cubren la prueba de conceptos en lugar de escenarios del mundo real.
- Tratar con el legado es completamente normal.
- La arquitectura es más importante que la punzada.
- Concéntrese en la automatización sobre la documentación cuando corresponda.
- Tener un poco de deuda técnica es saludable.
- Los ingenieros senior deben desarrollar muchas habilidades además de la programación.
- Todos somos junior en algunas áreas.
- Cómo crear un buen software
- Un buen resumen de alto nivel de las prácticas de ingeniería fundamental.
- La causa raíz del software malo tiene menos que ver con las opciones de ingeniería específicas, y más con la forma en que se gestionan los proyectos de desarrollo.
- No existe la ingeniería platónicamente buena: depende de sus necesidades y de los problemas prácticos que encuentre.
- El software debe tratarse no como un producto estático, sino como una manifestación viva de la comprensión colectiva del equipo de desarrollo.
- Los proyectos de software rara vez fallan porque son demasiado pequeños; Fallan porque se hacen demasiado grandes.
- Tenga cuidado con los objetivos burocráticos disfrazados de declaraciones problemáticas. Si nuestro objetivo final es mejorar la vida de los ciudadanos, necesitamos reconocer explícitamente las cosas que están empeorando sus vidas.
- El software de construcción no se trata de evitar el fracaso; Se trata de fallar estratégicamente lo más rápido posible para obtener la información que necesita para construir algo bueno.
- Cómo ser un ingeniero -10x
- Anular la salida de 10 ingenieros.
- Mantenga a 10 ingenieros como rehenes en una discusión técnica.
- Desperdicio 10 semanas de salarios en costos de nubes.
- Desperdicio de 400 horas de ingeniería en mala arquitectura.
- Incurrir en 400 horas de triaje de insectos.
Otro material general y lista de recursos
Otras listas
- Liuchong/Awesome-Roadmaps: una lista curada de hojas de ruta.
Libros
- El manual del impostor - $ 30. Del autor: "¿No tienes un título de CS? Tampoco, por eso escribí este libro".
- El libro de informática
Artículos
- MR-MIG/Everyprogrammer-should Sabiendo: una colección de (en su mayoría) cosas técnicas que todo desarrollador de software debe saber
- Leyes famosas del desarrollo de software
- La biblioteca de Amazon Builders
- Hay una lista de los mejores artículos en este hilo de Twitter.
- Kdeldycke/Awesome-Falsehood: Falsehoods Los programadores creen en
- Hellerve/Talks de programación
- Techyaks: lista de conversaciones
- Conversaciones que cambiaron la forma en que pienso en la programación
- Lo que todo especialista en informática debe saber
- Kamranhmedse/desarrollador-roadmap
- Mtdvio/Everyprogrammer-shuid-sabor: una colección de (en su mayoría) cosas técnicas que todo desarrollador de software debe saber sobre
- Las expectativas de Mike Acton de ingenieros de software profesionales
- Cosas que no te enseñaron sobre la ingeniería de software
- El conocimiento del dominio es más importante que sus habilidades de codificación
- El código es secundario. El valor comercial es el primero.
- Trabajas con incertidumbre la mayor parte del tiempo
- Sobreestimamos nuestra capacidad a corto plazo, pero subestimamos nuestra capacidad a largo plazo.
- La especialización es para insectos.
- ¿Quieres una ventaja injusta en tu carrera tecnológica? Consumir contenido destinado a otros roles
- La comprensión interfuncional es fundamental en las empresas tecnológicas modernas
- Ayuda a evitar subestimar la importancia y la dificultad de otros roles
- Te ayuda a ser estratégico en tu interacción con las personas en ese papel.
- Enseñe a sí mismo programación en diez años
Axiomas
- Preceptos - Urbit
- Los datos son mejores que el código.
- La corrección es más importante que el rendimiento.
- Determinista vence a la heurística.
- Cien líneas de simplicidad son mejores que veinte líneas de complejidad.
- Si sus abstracciones tienen fuga, no se debe a alguna ley del universo; Solo apestas al abstracto. Por lo general, no especificó la abstracción lo suficiente.
- Si evita cambiar una sección de código por temor a despertar a los demonios en el mismo, está viviendo con miedo. Si se queda en los confines cómodos de la pequeña sección del código que escribió o conoce bien, nunca escribirá un código legendario. Todo el código fue escrito por humanos y puede ser dominado por humanos.
- Si claramente hay una forma correcta de hacer algo y una manera incorrecta, hágalo de la manera correcta. La codificación requiere una disciplina increíble.
- La mejor manera de obtener la respuesta correcta es probarlo de la manera incorrecta.
- La práctica te dice que las cosas son buenas o malas; La teoría te dice por qué.
- No estar calificado para resolver un problema no es razón para no resolverlo.
- Si no comprende un sistema que está utilizando, no lo controle. Si nadie entiende el sistema, el sistema tiene el control.
- Reglas de pulgar incrustadas
- 50 ideas que cambiaron mi vida
- Reflexiones sobre 10,000 horas de programación
- 20 cosas que he aprendido en mis 20 años como ingeniero de software
Cursos
- Guía de desarrollo tecnológico de Google
- El semestre que falta de su educación CS, MIT. Incluye conferencias sobre el shell, los editores, las disputas de datos, el git, la depuración y el perfil, la meta programación, la seguridad y la criptografía.
- Matemáticas para el aventurero autoavemoledor, Neil Sainsbury
- Jwasham/Coding-Interview-University: un plan de estudio completo de informática para convertirse en ingeniero de software.
- Enseñe a sí mismo informática: un conjunto obstinado de los mejores recursos de CS.
- OSSU/Computer-Cience: ¡educación autodidacta gratuita en informática!
Temas
Algoritmo y estructuras de datos
- Lea el CLRS. Puede ver y descargar el curso en OCW: también hay cursos más nuevos.
- O el manual de diseño de algoritmo
- Pruebe algunos algoritmos en Project Euler
- CS 61B Primavera 2023
Otros recursos:
- Algoritmos, Jeff Erickson
Seamos honestos: los algoritmos pueden ser un tema bastante seco. Esta pregunta de Quora enumera una alternativa de aprendizaje más divertida, que incluye:
- Algoritmos de groking
- Algoritmos esenciales
- Visualización de la estructura de datos
- ? 15 algoritmos de clasificación en 6 minutos
- Chaveta
- Visualización de algoritmos
- Árboles B e índices de bases de datos
Implementaciones de ejemplo:
- Trekhleb/JavaScript-Algorithms: algoritmos y estructuras de datos implementadas en JavaScript
- Los algoritmos
Algoritmos en sistemas distribuidos:
- Algoritmo de consenso de balsa
Diseño y desarrollo de API
Contenido general de descanso:
- Estilos arquitectónicos y el diseño de arquitecturas de software basadas en red, Roy Fielding (el inventor de REST)
- Una colección de recursos útiles para construir API HTTP+JSON RESTful.
- Las mejores prácticas para el diseño de API REST, Blog de Overflow de Stack
- Descanso no perturbado: una guía para diseñar la API perfecta: libro muy completo sobre el diseño de API RESTful.
Directrices de ejemplo:
- Pautas de API REST de Microsoft
- Pautas de API y esquema de eventos de Zalando Restful
- Guía de diseño de API de Google: una guía general para diseñar API en red.
- AIP-1: Propósito y pautas de AIP
- AIP significa propuesta de mejora de API, que es un documento de diseño que proporciona documentación concisa de alto nivel para el desarrollo de API.
Temas más específicos:
- Por qué debe usar enlaces, no claves, para representar relaciones en API, Martin Nally, Google
- "El uso de enlaces en lugar de claves extranjeras para expresar relaciones en API reduce la cantidad de información que un cliente necesita saber para usar una API y reduce las formas en que los clientes y los servidores se acoplan entre sí".
- Dame /eventos, no webhooks
- Los eventos pueden desbloquear funciones de webhook muy necesarias, como permitir que los consumidores de su webhook repitan o restablezcan la posición de su suscripción de Webhook.
- Desbloqueando el poder de JSON Patch
Actitud, hábitos, mentalidad
- Mastering Programming, Kent Beck.
- Los rasgos de un programador competente
- El Tao de la programación: un conjunto de parábolas sobre la programación.
- Tomar posesión es la forma más efectiva de obtener lo que desea
- Encontrar tiempo para convertirse en un mejor desarrollador
- Diez minutos al día: cómo Alex Allain escribió un libro en menos de 200 horas, escribiendo 10 minutos todos los días.
- El cuidado y la alimentación de ingenieros de software (o por qué los ingenieros están malhumorados)
- En el triunvirato de software, gerentes de productos, diseñadores e ingenieros de software, solo se espera que los ingenieros apaguen sus mentes creativas y solo produzcan.
- Tanto los ingenieros como los gerentes de productos tienden a pensar, incorrectamente, que las especificaciones o requisitos del producto son equivalentes al manual de muebles de IKEA.
- Esta es una de las principales cosas que hacen que los ingenieros sean gruñones: las prioridades constantemente cambiantes.
- A pesar de que muchos ingenieros se quejarán de que los gerentes de productos cambian de opinión, casi ninguno explicará eso en sus estimaciones de tiempo.
- Los programas de informática no se trata de prepararlo para las tareas que enfrentará en la industria.
- Cuando hay más ingenieros de los que se pueden utilizar, el tiempo de ingeniería termina desapareciendo de la planificación, sincronización y coordinación.
- Involucrar a los ingenieros en el proceso creativo
- Dé a los ingenieros oportunidades para ser creativos.
- Fomentar el tiempo libre.
- Deja que el código
- Expresar aprecio
- El ingeniero de software con mentalidad de producto, Gergely Orosz
- Los excelentes ingenieros de productos saben que los productos mínimos adorables necesitan la profundidad correcta
- Los ingenieros con mentalidad de productos asignan rápidamente los casos de borde y piensan en formas de reducir el trabajo en ellos: a menudo trayendo soluciones que no requieren trabajo de ingeniería
- Participar en la investigación de usuarios y la atención al cliente
- Traiga sugerencias de productos bien respaldadas a la mesa
- Ofrecer compensaciones de productos/ingeniería
- 40 lecciones de 40 años, Steve Schlafman
- Si quieres progresar en las cosas que más importan, debes decidir a quién vas a decepcionar. Es inevitable.
- La mejor inversión que puede hacer es su propia educación. Nunca dejes de aprender. La segunda mejor inversión que puede hacer es construir su red a través de interacciones auténticas y significativas. Es lo que sabes y a quién conoces.
- Nunca obtendrá lo que no pides o buscas activamente. ¡A por ello!
- No se trata de la luz al final del túnel. Es el túnel. Aparece todos los días y disfruta del proceso.
- Un gran compañero de equipo siempre pone a la organización y su propósito por delante de sus propios intereses.
- Elige tus puntos. Tenemos tiempo limitado y nuestros cerebros solo pueden procesar tanto. El enfoque es clave. Elija sabiamente.
- Es probable que cada persona esté luchando con algo. Sé amable. Ser útil.
- Sobre codificación, ego y atención
- La mente del principiante acepta el hecho de que el conocimiento absoluto es infinito y, por lo tanto, mantener la puntuación es una pérdida de tiempo.
- El dominio es simplemente la acumulación de impulso, no la acumulación del conocimiento.
- Tratar con la distracción del ego me ha enseñado a amar el proceso de resolución de problemas. Me ha enseñado a amar y respetar el proceso de aprendizaje. Como resultado, soy más productivo. Estoy menos ansioso. Soy un mejor compañero de equipo. Soy un mejor amigo y un mejor pensador.
- FIJO VS. Crecimiento: las dos mentalidades básicas que dan forma a nuestras vidas
- ¿Cómo es un gran ingeniero de software?
- Buen sueño, buen aprendizaje, buena vida
- ? Steve Jobs: Si no pide ayuda, no llegará muy lejos
- Citas de programación
- Sé amable
- Ser amable es fundamentalmente para asumir la responsabilidad de su impacto en las personas que lo rodean.
- Requiere que seas consciente de sus sentimientos y considere la forma en que tu presencia los afecta.
- Warren Buffett dice que este hábito simple separa a personas exitosas de todos los demás.
- La diferencia entre personas exitosas y personas realmente exitosas es que las personas realmente exitosas dicen que no a casi todo.
- ¿Cómo tener suerte?
- Los programadores deben dejar de celebrar la incompetencia, DHH
- La magia de la programación es en gran medida cosas que aún no sabes.
- No está bien pensar que no deberías estar en algunos caminos hacia el dominio, si tienes la intención de hacer que la programación de tu carrera.
- No hay límite de velocidad
- No espere la motivación, actúe por impulso
- Comience con una pequeña tarea. Luego monta su impulso.
- Los hábitos de codificación más importantes
- Los hábitos de codificación más importantes
- Estiramientos diarios
- Tomar descansos regulares
- No codifiques tarde en la noche
- Mejora tu entorno de codificación
- Consejos para nuevos desarrolladores de software que han leído todos esos otros ensayos de consejos
- Los microservicios no son el problema. Las personas incompetentes son
El síndrome de Imposter está subestimado: se habla mucho para superar el síndrome de Imposter. Digo abrazar el auto-skepticismo y dudar de ti mismo todos los días. En una industria de rápido movimiento donde muchos de sus conocimientos vencen cada año, incluso la mayoría de las personas menores que lo rodean constantemente, las habilidades que no tiene; Te mantienes competitivo aplicando con la determinación (e incluso el miedo) del novato. La ventaja de esta cinta de correr es que cada ingeniero está en él: solo porque eres un impostor no significa que otras personas sean más merecedoras que tú, porque también son impostores. Debe abogar por usted mismo, tomar riesgos, darle una palmadita en la espalda cuando las cosas van bien y, a medida que comienza a desarrollar un historial de resolución de problemas, confíe en sus habilidades y adaptabilidad. No se equivoque: solo eres tan bueno como el último problema que resuelve.
Dan Heller, construyendo una carrera en software
Ya había aprendido nunca vaciar el pozo de mi escritura, pero siempre para parar cuando todavía había algo allí en la parte profunda del pozo, y dejarlo rellenar por la noche desde los resortes que lo alimentaron. - Ernest Hemingway
- El desarrollador de cerebro de la grug: hábitos de programador consciente de sí mismo. Como tao de programación, estilo diferente.
El buen juicio proviene de la experiencia. La experiencia proviene del mal juicio.
Dilación
- Las noticias son malas para ti, y renunciar a leerlo te hará más feliz, The Guardian
- Noticias engañosas
- Las noticias son irrelevantes
- Las noticias no tienen poder explicativo
- Las noticias son tóxicas para su cuerpo
- Las noticias aumentan los errores cognitivos
- Las noticias inhiben el pensamiento
- Las noticias funcionan como una droga
- Tiempo de noticias de noticias
- Las noticias nos hacen pasivos
- Las noticias matan la creatividad
Autenticación/autorización
- Autorización en un mundo de microservicios
- Lógica de autorización: las reglas son difíciles porque evolucionan con el tiempo
- El libro de Copenhague proporciona una guía general sobre la implementación de Auth en aplicaciones web
Automatización
- La automatización debe ser como Iron Man, no Ultron
Mejores prácticas
- Prácticas de ingeniería de software
Más allá de la ingeniería de software y al azar
- Por qué los ingenieros de software les gusta la carpintería
Sesgo
Los sesgos no solo se aplican a la contratación. Por ejemplo, el sesgo de atribución fundamental también se aplica al criticar el código de alguien escrito hace mucho tiempo, en un contexto totalmente diferente.
- Hoja de trucos de sesgo cognitivo. #contratación
Negocio
- Pagos 101 para un desarrollador
- Los 4 problemas más grandes con los sistemas de facturación caseros
- ? Los 14 dolores de construir su propio sistema de facturación
Cache
- Desafíos y estrategias de almacenamiento en caché, Biblioteca de constructores de Amazon
Crecimiento profesional
- Los triángulos unidos de desarrollo de nivel superior analizan cómo definir a un ingeniero senior.
- Diez principios para el crecimiento como ingeniero, Dan Heller.
- No te llames programador, Patrick McKenzie.
- Sobre ser gerente de ingeniería
- El consejo profesional que desearía tener a los 25
- Una carrera es un maratón, no un sprint
- La mayor parte del éxito proviene de la repetición, no las cosas nuevas.
- Si el trabajo fuera realmente tan bueno, todas las personas ricas tendrían el trabajo
- La gerencia se trata de personas, no en las cosas
- Realmente escucha a los demás
- Reconocer que el personal son personas con capacidad emocional finita
- No solo rede en red con las personas de tu edad
- Nunca sacrifique la ética personal por una razón laboral
- Reconocer que el fracaso está aprendiendo
- Consejo profesional que desearía que me hubieran dado cuando era joven
- No te concentres demasiado en los planes a largo plazo.
- Encuentre buenos pensadores y llame en frío los que más admira.
- Asigne un alto valor a la productividad durante toda su vida útil.
- No optimice demasiado las cosas que no son su máxima prioridad.
- Lea mucho y lea cosas que la gente a su alrededor no está leyendo.
- Reflexione seriamente sobre qué problema priorizar la resolución.
- Leer más historia.
- Por qué los buenos desarrolladores son promovidos en la infelicidad, Rob Walling. O por qué la gerencia podría no ser para usted.
- Una guía para usar su carrera para ayudar a resolver los problemas más apremiantes del mundo.
- ¿Cuál es el trabajo de un ingeniero senior? Necesitas ser más que un colaborador individual.
- Desde codificar el graduado de Bootcamp hasta la construcción de bases de datos distribuidas
- Leer libros (y documentos), no publicaciones de blog
- Asumir la responsabilidad de su trayectoria profesional
- ? El ingeniero bien redondeado incluye muchas recomendaciones excelentes de libros.
- Paradigm Polyglot (aprende diferentes idiomas y paradigmas)
- Polyglot de base de datos
- Protocolo Polyglot (preferiblemente TCP/IP y HTTP)
- Competencia con herramientas de compilación, embalaje y distribución
- Depuración, observabilidad
- Despliegue, infra y devops
- Arquitectura y escala de software
- Capacidad para escribir compiladores de juguetes, intérpretes y analizadores
- Capacidad para escribir juegos de juguetes
- Capacidad para comprender el análisis algorítmico
- Algunos consejos profesionales, Will Larson.
- El consejo que obtiene es el intento de alguien de sintetizar sus experiencias, no una declaración precisa sobre cómo funciona el mundo.
- Construye un depósito de prestigio.
- Algunas personas son tan buenas en algo que terminan siendo insustituibles en su papel actual, lo que hace que se queden atrapados en su papel, incluso si son un buen candidato para los más interesantes.
- Grandes relaciones te seguirán donde quiera que vayas. También malos.
- Al principio de su carrera, trate de trabajar en tantos tipos diferentes de empresas y en diferentes productos verticales como pueda.
- Consejo malvado: evita cosas "fáciles"
- El último código kata
- Rasgos de un ingeniero de software senior: impacto, percepción, visibilidad, influencia, tutoría
- Ingeniería de software: las piezas blandas
- Piense en críticamente y formule argumentos bien razonados
- Dominar los fundamentos
- Concéntrese en el usuario y todo lo demás seguirá
- Aprende a aprender
- Cómo ser dueño de su crecimiento como ingeniero de software
- El programador de cuarenta años
- Cuanto mejor seas, menos te parecerás a todos los demás
- Aprendes principios profundos haciendo lo básico
- Mira a otros campos, aprende de otros campos
- Tenga cuidado con los consejos de productividad
- Los ingenieros senior viven en el futuro
- ¿Cómo sería un mapa de tu carrera?
- Cómo tener éxito en Amazon (o cualquier otra gran empresa para el caso)
Sobre ingenieros senior:
- Falsedades que los desarrolladores junior creen en convertirse en senior
Elegir su próxima/primera oportunidad
- Decisiones profesionales - por Elad Gil - Elad Blog
Llegar al personal ENG
- Me convertí en ingeniero de personal de FAANG en 5 años. Estas son las 14 lecciones que aprendí en el camino.
- La ingeniería de software no es solo codificación. En realidad, la codificación es una pequeña parte de ella.
- Tubra de tu trabajo
- Esté abierto a comentarios y escuche. Como, en serio, escucha.
- Los excelentes comentarios son difíciles de encontrar; atesorarlo.
- Esté atento al horizonte (pero no ambos).
- Descubra lo que importa y deja ir el resto.
- La comparación realmente es el ladrón de la alegría.
- La tutoría es algo hermoso.
- Buenos días, en general, no solo "suceda".
- Los consejos y la orientación son solo eso; No son reglas.
- Guías para llegar a los roles de ingeniería del personal, Will Larson
- Ser visible
- Recursos adicionales en la ingeniería del personal
Conjuntos de caracteres
- El mínimo absoluto de todos los desarrolladores de software absolutamente debe saber sobre unicode y conjuntos de caracteres (¡sin excusas!)
- El mínimo absoluto de todo desarrollador de software debe conocer sobre Unicode en 2023 (¡todavía no hay excusas!)
Ajedrez
(Sí, el ajedrez obtiene su propia sección :)
- Wiki de programación de ajedrez
- Se mueve el ajedrez de comprimido
Nubes
- guías abiertas/OG-AWS: una guía práctica para AWS
Revisiones de código
- Cómo hacer una revisión de código, la documentación de la ingeniería de Google.
- Revisiones posteriores al compromiso: una idea interesante para aumentar la velocidad del desarrollador (aunque hay algunas advertencias).
- Cómo hacer que su revisor de código se enamore de usted
- Revise su propio código primero
- Escribe una descripción clara de ChangeList
- Automatizar las cosas fáciles
- Responda preguntas con el código en sí
- Cambios de alcance limitados
- Cambios funcionales y no funcionales separados
- Responde gentilmente a las críticas
- Solicitar ingeniosamente la información faltante
- Otorgue todos los lazos con su revisor
- Minimizar el retraso entre rondas de revisión
- Cómo hacer revisiones de código como un humano
- Pregunte a HN: ¿Cómo revisas el código?: Gran discusión sobre Hackernews, llena de ideas interesantes.
- Pyramid of Code Reviews de Maslow
- Otro sobre el mismo tema: la revisión del código Pyramid
- Revisión del código en equipos remotos: conjunto de reglas muy completo.
- No hay revisiones de código de forma predeterminada
- Responsabilidad sobre la Convención
Codificación y calidad de código
- Escribir código que sea fácil de eliminar, no fácil de extender
- Los diez mandamientos de la programación de egoless
- Código limpio: un manual de artesanía ágil de software, Robert C. Martin. Describe numerosas mejores prácticas útiles. Un poco largo. También hay una hoja de trucos de código limpio.
- De que se trata la artesanía de software
- Estamos cansados de escribir basura.
- No aceptaremos la estúpida vieja mentira sobre la limpieza de cosas más tarde.
- No creeremos la afirmación de que rápido significa sucio.
- No permitiremos que nadie nos obligue a comportarse de manera no profesional.
- Consejos para nombrar variables booleanas
- Hay una convención para prefijo variables booleanas y nombres de funciones con "is" o "ha".
- Intentar usar siempre es, incluso para plurales (
isEachUserLoggedIn
es mejor que areUsersLoggedIn
o isUsersLoggedIn
) - Evite los prefijos personalizados (
isPaidFor
es mejor que wasPaidFor
) - Evite los negativos (
isEnabled
es mejor que isDisabled
)
- Cómo escribir código no mantenible
- Kettanaito/Hoja de nomenclatura :: Directrices integrales del lenguaje-agnóstico sobre el nombre de las variables. Hogar del patrón A/HC/LC.
- ? Guías de ingeniería de calidad
Comunicación
Ver también la sección de escritura
- Cómo comunicarse efectivamente como desarrollador
- Muchos consejos y ejemplos concretos para escritura corta, media y larga
- ¿Qué visualizas mientras se programas?
Compiladores
- La página de recursos del escritor del compilador
- Kanaka/Mal: Mal - Haz un Lisp
Configuración
- Las desventajas de JSON para archivos de configuración, Martin Tournoij.
- No puedo agregar comentarios
- Cita excesiva y ruido de sintaxis
- El uso de DC (configuración declarativa) para controlar la lógica a menudo no es una buena idea.
- Tus configuraciones apestan? Prueba un lenguaje de programación real
- La mayoría de los formatos de configuración modernos apestan
- Use un lenguaje de programación real
Integración continua (CI)
- Integración continua, martinfowler.com
Bases de datos
Ver también la sección SQL.
- Una simple introducción en inglés al teorema de la gorra
- Teorema de PACELC: "En el caso de la partición de red (P) en un sistema informático distribuido, uno tiene que elegir entre disponibilidad (a) y consistencia (c) (según el teorema de la tapa), pero de lo contrario (e), incluso cuando el sistema se ejecuta normalmente en ausencia de particiones, uno tiene que elegir entre latencia (l) y consistencia (c) ".
- Migraciones de bases de datos de tiempo de inactividad cero (los ejemplos de código están utilizando rieles, pero esto funciona muy bien para cualquier lenguaje de programación)
- Algoritmos detrás de los sistemas de almacenamiento modernos, la cola ACM
- Construyamos una base de datos simple
- Lecturas en sistemas de bases de datos, quinta edición
- Comparación de tipos de bases de datos: cómo evolucionaron los tipos de bases de datos para satisfacer las diferentes necesidades
- ¿Cómo funciona una base de datos relacional?
- Use el índice, Luke
- Introducción del curso: MySQL para desarrolladores, PlanetScale
- Cómo funcionan los motores de consulta
- Por qué probablemente deberías usar SQLite | Web Web Epic
Coso
- Patrones NoSQL
- Bases de datos de NoSQL: una encuesta y orientación de decisión
- El Dynamodb Docs tiene algunas páginas excelentes:
- Leer consistencia
- De SQL a NoSQL
- Diseño de NoSQL para Dynamodb
- Redis explicó
Post -put
- Operaciones seguras para PostgreSQL de alto volumen (esto es para PostgreSQL pero también funciona muy bien para otros DB).
- Aislamiento de transacciones en Postgres, explicó
- Ejercicios PostgreSQL
- Hoja de trucos de Postgres Operations
- Solo usa Postgres
- Postgres es suficiente
- Postgres: no hagas esto
- PostgreSQL y UUID como clave principal
Formatos de datos
- Los programadores de falsedades creen sobre los números de teléfono,
libphonenumber
de Google. - Reglas para autocompletar: especificaciones aproximadas para campos de autocompletos
- Los programadores de falsedades creen sobre las direcciones
- Los programadores de falsedades creen sobre los nombres
- Kdeldycke/Awesome-Falsehood: Falsehoods Los programadores creen en
- Comprensión de UUID, ULID y representaciones de cadenas
- Falsedades Los programadores creen en las listas de falsedades
- Australia/Lord_howe es la zona horaria más extraña
Ingeniería de ciencia de datos/ingeniería de datos
- Una docena sucia: doce trampas de interpretación métrica común en experimentos controlados en línea
- DataStackTV/Data-Engineer-RoadMap: Hoja de ruta para convertirse en ingeniero de datos
- Ruta de aprendizaje de ingeniería de datos impresionante
- Arquitecturas emergentes para infraestructura de datos moderna
- Cómo ir más allá de un lago de datos monolíticos a una malla de datos distribuidos
- Las plataformas de datos basadas en la arquitectura del lago de datos tienen modos de falla comunes que conducen a promesas no cumplidas a escala.
- Necesitamos considerar los dominios como la preocupación de primera clase, aplicar el pensamiento de la plataforma para crear infraestructura de datos de autoservicio y tratar los datos como un producto.
- Mlops
- Plataforma Big Data de Uber: más de 100 petabytes con latencia minuciosa
- SQL debe ser la opción predeterminada para la lógica de transformación de datos
Depuración
Vea también la sección de respuesta a incidentes en este documento
- Resolución de problemas de pato de goma
- Balanceo de goma
- Cinco por qué
- El análisis de cinco mentiras
- El verdadero problema se revela cuando la técnica se convierte en parte de una plantilla.
- Los elementos de acción pueden estar muy distantes de la causa raíz.
- El infinito cómo critica el método Five Whys y aboga por un conjunto diferente de preguntas para aprender de la mayoría de los incidentes.
- Ver también: Errores humanos: modelos y gestión
- "El problema con los Cinco Whys es que es visionada en un túnel en una explicación lineal y simplista de cómo se hace el trabajo y los eventos se producen".
- "El error humano se convierte en un punto de partida, no una conclusión". (Dekker, 2009)
- "Cuando preguntamos '¿Cómo?', Estamos pidiendo una narrativa".
- "Cuando se trata de decisiones y acciones, queremos saber cómo tenía sentido que alguien hiciera lo que hizo".
- En cada paso de "por qué", solo se seleccionará una respuesta para una mayor investigación. Preguntar "cómo" fomenta la exploración más amplia.
- "En la investigación de accidentes, como en la mayoría de los otros esfuerzos humanos, somos víctimas del principio de lo que te vea por lo que somos. Ir a ver (lo que te vea), en gran medida determinará lo que realmente encontramos (qué-encontrar) ". (Hollnagel, 2009, p. 85) (ver Ilustración de Wylfiwyf)
- "A final reason why a 'root cause' may be selected is that it is politically acceptable as the identified cause. Other events or explanations may be excluded or not examined in depth because they raise issues that are embarrassing to the organization or its contractors or are politically unacceptable." (Nancy Leveson, Engineering a Safer World, p. 20)
- Bounded rationality: rational individuals will select a decision that is satisfactory rather than optimal
- The article provide concrete ways and questions to solicit stories from people, which will yield better insights.
- What were you expecting to happen?
- If you had to describe the situation to your colleague at that point, what would you have told?
- Did this situation fit a standard scenario?
- What were you trying to achieve?Were there multiple goals at the same time?Was there time pressure or other limitations on what you could do?
- See template here
- Linux Performance Analysis in 60,000 Milliseconds
- Post-Mortems at HubSpot: What I Learned From 250 Whys
- Debugging zine, Julian Evans
- If you understand a bug, you can fix it
- The Thirty Minute Rule: if anyone gets stuck on something for more than 30 minutes, they should ask for help
- How to create a Minimal, Reproducible Example , Stack Overflow
- Some ways to get better at debugging, Julia Evans
- Learn the codebase
- Learn the system (eg, HTTP stack, database transactions)
- Learn your tools (eg,
strace
, tcpdump
) - Learn strategies (eg, writing code to reproduce, adding logging, taking a break)
- Get experience: according to a study, "experts simply formed more correct hypotheses and were more efficient at finding the fault."
- What exactly is the 'Saff Squeeze' method of finding a bug?
- A systematic technique for deleting both test code and non-test code from a failing test until the test and code are small enough to understand.
- tcpdump is amazing, Julia Evans
- What we talk about when we talk about 'root cause'
Design (visual, UX, UI, typography)
I highly recommend reading The Non-Designer's Design Book. This is a pretty short book that will give you some very actionable design advices.
- If you're working on data, Edward Tufte's The Visual Display of Quantitative Information is considered a classic.
- The Universal Principles of Design will give you enough vocabulary and concepts to describe design challenges into words.
- Book recommendations from HackerNews
- ?Design for Non-Designers
Articles :
- 10 Usability Heuristics Every Designer Should Know
- Visibility of System Status
- The Match Between The System And The Real World
- Every system should have a clear emergency exit
- Don't forget that people spend 90% of their time interacting with other apps
- Recognition Rather Than Recall (recognition = shallow form of retrieval from memory, eg a familiar person, recall = deeper retrieval)
- ”Perfection is achieved, not when there is nothing more to add, but when there is nothing left to take away.” – Antoine de Saint-Exupery
- Help Users Recognize, Diagnose, And Recover From Errors
- How to pick more beautiful colors for your data visualizations
- Visual design rules you can safely follow every time
Typograhy: see "Typography" section
Recursos:
- ? bradtraversy/design-resources-for-developers: design and UI resources from stock photos, web templates, CSS frameworks, UI libraries, tools...
Design (OO modeling, architecture, patterns, anti-patterns, etc.)
Here's a list of good books:
- Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software: dubbed "the gang of four", this is almost a required reading for any developer. A lot of those are a bit overkill for Python (because everything is an object, and dynamic typing), but the main idea (composition is better than inheritance) definitely is a good philosophy.
- And their nefarious nemesis Resign Patterns
- Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture: learn about how database are used in real world applications. Mike Bayer's SQLAlchemy has been heavily influenced by this book.
- Domain-Driven Design: Tackling Complexity in the Heart of Software, Eric Evans
- Clean Architecture, Robert C. Martin. Uncle Bob proposes an architecture that leverages the Single Responsibility Principle to its fullest. A great way to start a new codebase. Also checkout the clean architecture cheatsheet and this article.
- Game Programming Patterns: a book about design, sequencing, behavioral patterns and much more by Robert Nystrom explained through the medium of game programming. The book is also free to read online here.
One of the absolute references on architecture is Martin Fowler: checkout his Software Architecture Guide.
Artículos:
- O'Reilly's How to make mistakes in Python
- Education of a Programmer: a developer's thoughts after 35 years in the industry. There's a particularly good section about design & complexity (see "the end to end argument", "layering and componentization").
- Domain-driven design, Wikipedia.
- On the Spectrum of Abstraction ?, Cheng Lou
- The “Bug-O” Notation, Dan Abramov
- Antipatterns
- Inheritance vs. composition: a concrete example in Python. Another slightly longer one here. One last one, in Python 3.
- Composition Instead Of Inheritance
- Complexity and Strategy: interesting perspective on complexity and flexibility with really good examples (eg Google Apps Suite vs. Microsoft Office).
- The Architecture of Open Source Applications
- The Robustness Principle Reconsidered
- Jon Postel: "Be conservative in what you do, be liberal in what you accept from others." (RFC 793)
- Two general problem areas are impacted by the Robustness Principle: orderly interoperability and security.
- Basics of the Unix Philosophy, Eric S Raymond
- Eight Habits of Expert Software Designers: An Illustrated Guide
You can use an eraser on the drafting table or a sledge hammer on the construction site. (Frank Lloyd Wright)
Recursos:
Design: database schema
- A humble guide to database schema design, Mike Alche
- Use at least third normal form
- Create a last line of defense with constraints
- Never store full addresses in a single field
- Never store firstname and lastname in the same field
- Establish conventions for table and field names.
Design: patterns
- KeystoneInterface, Martin Fowler.
- Build all the back-end code, integrate, but don't build the user-interface
- 101 Design Patterns & Tips for Developers
- Python Design Patterns: For Sleek And Fashionable Code: a pretty simple introduction to common design patterns (Facade, Adapter, Decorator). A more complete list of design patterns implementation in Python on Github.
- SourceMaking's Design Patterns seems to be a good web resource too.
- Anti-If: The missing patterns
Design: simplicity
- Simple Made Easy ?, Rich Hickey. This is an incredibly inspiring talk redefining simplicity, ease and complexity, and showing that solutions that look easy may actually harm your design.
Dev environment & tools
Herramientas
- Glances: An eye on your system
- HTTPie: a CLI, cURL-like tool for humans
- jq: command-line JSON processor
- tmux: terminal multiplexer
- htop: an interactive process viewer for Linux
- htop explained
- socat
- Visual guide to SSH tunnels
- casey/just: a command runner written in Rust (claims to be better than Makefile)
- Gazr: an opinionated way to define your
Makefile
Article about tools:
- The return of fancy tools
- Simple tools make you think a little more
- Drucker: "I'm not writing it down to remember it later, I'm writing it down to remember it now."
- Frictionless note-taking produces notes, but it doesn't produce memory.
Estibador
See also the Python-specific section in charlax/python-education.
- Best Practices Around Production Ready Web Apps with Docker Compose
- Avoiding 2 Compose Files for Dev and Prod with an Override File
- Reducing Service Duplication with Aliases and Anchors
- Defining your
HEALTHCHECK
in Docker Compose not your Dockerfile - Making the most of environment variables
- Using Multi-stage builds to optimize image size
- Running your container as a non-root user
- Docker Best Practices for Python Developers
- Use multi-stage builds
- Pay close attention to the order of your Dockerfile commands to leverage layer caching
- Smaller Docker images are more modular and secure (watch out for Alpine though)
- Minimize the number of layers (
RUN
, COPY
, ADD
) - Use unprivileged containers
- Prefer
COPY
over ADD
- Cache python packages to the docker host
- Prefer array over string syntax
- Understand the difference between
ENTRYPOINT
and CMD
- Include a
HEALTHCHECK
instruction - Whenever possible, avoid using the
latest
tag. - Don't store secrets in images
- Use a
.dockerignore
file (include **/.git
, etc.) - Lint and Scan Your Dockerfiles and Images (eg with
hadolint
) - Log to stdout or stderr
- Docker Containers Security
Documentación
- Documentation-Driven Development
- Writing automated tests for your documentation: this should be required, IMO. Testing code samples in your documentation ensures they never get outdated.
- ? Documentation is king, Kenneth Reitz
- Keep a Changelog
- Architectural Decision Records (ADR): a way to document architecture decision.
- Documenting Architecture Decisions
- joelparkerhenderson/architecture-decision-record: examples and templates for ADR.
- And a CLI tool: npryce/adr-tools
- The documentation system
- Checklist for checklists
- Best practices for writing code comments
- Always be quitting
- Document your knowledge
- Train your replacement
- Delegar
- By being disposable, you free yourself to work on high-impact projects.
- Write documentation first. Then build.
- Diátaxis: a systematic approach to technical documentation authoring
- There are four modes: tutorials, how-to guides, technical reference and explanation
- The docs goes into a lot of details about each model.
- ARCHITECTURE.md
- Two open source projects with great documentation (esbuild and redis)
The palest ink is more reliable than the most powerful memory. -- Chinese proverb
Dotfiles
- ? Awesome dotfiles: lots of great dotfiles.
- My dotfiles
Artículos
- Setting Up a Mac Dev Machine From Zero to Hero With Dotfiles
Editors & IDE
- Sublime Text essential plugins and resources
- Bram Moolenaar (Vim author), Seven habits of effective text editing (presentation). This is about Vim but it contains good lessons about why investing time in learning how to be productive with your text editors pays off.
- VScode is one of the most popular text editors as of writing.
- Visual Studio Code Can Do That?, Smashing Magazine.
- Coding with Character
Empuje
- ? vim-awesome
- ? Vimcasts
- ️ Is Vim Really Not For You? A Beginner Guide
- The first part of a series of 6 articles with lots of detailed and practical tips for using Vim efficiently.
- A Vim Guide for Advanced Users: more advanced shortcuts and commands
- Learning the vi and Vim Editors
- Practical Vim, Drew Neil
- Learn Vimscript the Hard Way
- VimGolf: nice challenges to learn Vim
- Vim anti-patterns
- Learn Vim For the Last Time: A Tutorial and Primer
- Vim Cheat Sheet & Quick Reference
- History and effective use of Vim
- Moving Blazingly Fast With The Core Vim Motions
- micahkepe/vimtutor-sequel: Vimtutor Sequel - Advanced Vim Tutor Lessons
- Vim Racer - An Online Game for VIM Navigation
Feel free to check my vim configuration and my vim cheatsheet.
Other editors:
Correo electrónico
- Email explained from first principles
- ? Transactional Email Best Practices
Engineering management
Checkout my list of management resources.
Ceremonias
The best way to learn is to learn by doing.
- build-your-own-x: compilation of well-written, step-by-step guides for re-creating our favorite technologies from scratch
- Richard Feynman: "what I cannot create, I do not understand"
- The elevator programming game
- Challenging projects every programmer should try, Austin Z. Henley
- Challenging projects every programmer should try: text editor, space invaders, compiler (Tiny Basic), mini OS, spreadsheet, video game console emulator.
- More challenging projects every programmer should try: ray tracer, key-value store web API, web browser, stock trading bot.
- Let's Build a Regex Engine
- Write a time-series database engine from scratch
- 7 GUIs to build to learn fundamental UI programming skills
- A list of programming playgrounds, Julia Evans
- Write more "useless" software
Práctica:
- CodinGame
- Codewars
- Ejercicio
Experimentación
- 8 annoying A/B testing mistakes every engineer should know
Functional programming (FP)
- Goodbye, Object Oriented Programming
- Functional Programming & Haskell ?: some good reasons to learn FP!
- Functional Programming Fundamentals: short introduction to FP and its advantages.
- OO vs FP, Robert C. Martin, The Clean Code Blog. A pretty interesting take on the differences between OOP and FP from an expert in OOP.
- OO is not about state. Objects are bags of functions, not bags of data.
- Functional Programs, like OO Programs, are composed of functions that operate on data.
- FP imposes discipline upon assignment.
- OO imposes discipline on function pointers.
- The principles of software design still apply, regardless of your programming style. The fact that you've decided to use a language that doesn't have an assignment operator does not mean that you can ignore the Single Responsibility Principle.
- Parse, don't validate
- Use a data structure that makes illegal states unrepresentable
- Push the burden of proof upward as far as possible, but no further
- Let your datatypes inform your code, don't let your code control your datatypes
- Don't be afraid to parse data in multiple passes
- Avoid denormalized representations of data, especially if it's mutable
- Use abstract datatypes to make validators “look like” parsers
- ? Programación funcional
- Monads in 15 minutes
- hemanth/functional-programming-jargon: jargon from the functional programming world in simple terms
- The definitive guide to learning functional programming, Exercism
Games development
- Introduction · Joys of Small Game Development
Gráficos
Hardware
- NandGame: build a computer from scratch.
- What Every Programmer Should Know About SSDs
- How To Make A CPU - A Simple Picture Based Explanation
Http
- Choosing an HTTP Status Code — Stop Making It Hard
- HTTPWTF
- 10 Surprising Things You Didn't Know About HTTP
- The HTTP crash course nobody asked for
Humor
- The Jeff Dean Facts
- Compilers don't warn Jeff Dean. Jeff Dean warns compilers.
- Unsatisfied with constant time, Jeff Dean created the world's first
O(1/N)
algorithm. - Jeff Dean mines bitcoins. In his head.
- The Daily WTF: Curious Perversions in Information Technology
Incident response (oncall, alerting, outages, firefighting, postmortem)
Also see this section on my list of management resources, "Incident response".
Also see the Debugging section in this doc.
- Incident Response at Heroku
- Described the Incident Commander role, inspired by natural disaster incident response.
- Also in presentation: Incident Response Patterns: What we have learned at PagerDuty - Speaker Deck
- The Google SRE book's chapter about oncall
- Writing Runbook Documentation When You're An SRE
- Playbooks “reduce stress, the mean time to repair (MTTR), and the risk of human error.”
- Using a template can be beneficial because starting from a blank document is incredibly hard.
- The Curse of Knowledge is a cognitive bias that occurs when someone is communicating with others and unknowingly assumes the level of knowledge of the people they are communicating with.
- Make your content easy to glance over.
- If a script is longer than a single line, treat it like code, and check it into a repository to be source control and potentially tested.
- Incident Review and Postmortem Best Practices, Gergely Orosz
- Computer Security Incident Handling Guide, NIST
- Incident Management Resources, Carnegie Mellon University
- Sterile flight deck rule, Wikipedia
- Shamir Secret Sharing It's 3am.
- Site Reliability Engineering and the Art of Improvisation has lots of good training ideas
- Walkthroughs of observability toolsets
- Decision requirements table building
- Team knowledge elicitation
- Asking the question, “Why do we have on-call?”
- Spin the Wheel of Expertise!
Alerting:
- My Philosophy On Alerting
- Pages should be urgent, important, actionable, and real.
- Err on the side of removing noisy alerts – over-monitoring is a harder problem to solve than under-monitoring.
- Symptoms are a better way to capture more problems more comprehensively and robustly with less effort.
- Include cause-based information in symptom-based pages or on dashboards, but avoid alerting directly on causes.
- The further up your serving stack you go, the more distinct problems you catch in a single rule. But don't go so far you can't sufficiently distinguish what's going on.
- If you want a quiet oncall rotation, it's imperative to have a system for dealing with things that need timely response, but are not imminently critical.
- This classical article has now become a chapter in Google's SRE book.
- ? The Paradox of Alerts: why deleting 90% of your paging alerts can make your systems better, and how to craft an on-call rotation that engineers are happy to join.
Autopsia
- A great example of a postmortem from Gitlab (01/31/2017) for an outage during which an engineer's action caused the irremediable loss of 6 hours of data.
- Blameless PostMortems and a Just Culture
- A list of postmortems on Github
- Google's SRE book, Postmortem chapter is excellent and includes many examples.
- Human error models and management
- High reliability organisations — which have less than their fair share of accidents — recognise that human variability is a force to harness in averting errors, but they work hard to focus that variability and are constantly preoccupied with the possibility of failure
"Let's plan for a future where we're all as stupid as we are today."
– Dan Milstein
Example outline for a postmortem:
- Resumen ejecutivo
- Impacto
- Number of impacted users
- Lost revenue
- Duración
- Team impact
- Línea de tiempo
- Root cause analysis
- Lessons learned
- Things that went well
- Things that went poorly
- Action items (include direct links to task tracking tool)
- Tasks to improve prevention (including training)
- Tasks to improve detection (including monitoring and alerting)
- Tasks to improve mitigation (including emergency response)
Internet
- How Does the Internet Work?
- How the web works
- Advice to young web developers
Interviewing
Note: this is about you as an interviewee, not as an interviewer. To check out my list of resources for interviewers, go to my engineering-management repository.
- System design interview for IT company
- Technical Interview Megarepo: study materials for SE/CS technical interviews
- How to Win the Coding Interview
- I spent 3 months applying to jobs after a coding bootcamp. Here's what I learned.
- Top 10 algorithms in Interview Questions
- Interactive Python coding interview challenges
- Tech Interview Handbook
- A complete computer science study plan to become a software engineer
- Interview advice that got me offers from Google, Microsoft, and Stripe
- A framework for grading your performance on programming interview problems
- Preparing for the Systems Design and Coding Interview, Gergely Orosz
- What I Learned from Doing 60+ Technical Interviews in 30 Days
- System Design Interview Guide for Senior Engineers, interviewing.io
Questions you should ask:
- Questions to ask your interviewer
- Questions to ask the company during your interview
- Interviewing the Interviewer: Questions to Uncover a Company's True Culture
- Twipped/InterviewThis: questions to ask prospective employers
- tBaxter/questions-for-employers: A big collection of useful questions to ask potential employers.
Reanudar:
- The Red Flags on Your Resume
- What we look for in a resume
- We look for demonstrated expertise, not keywords
- We look for people who get things done
- We look for unique perspectives
- We care about impact, not meaningless metrics
- Why you shouldn't list certifications on LinkedIn
See also the exercises section in this document.
Kubernetes
- OWASP/www-project-kubernetes-top-ten
- Kubernetes Tutorial for Beginners: Basic Concepts
Large Language Model (LLM)
- What Is ChatGPT Doing… and Why Does It Work?, Stephen Wolfram
- Embeddings: What they are and why they matter
Learning & memorizing
Learn how to learn!
- How I Rewired My Brain to Become Fluent in Math: subtitled the building blocks of understanding are memorization and repetition .
- One Sure-Fire Way to Improve Your Coding: reading code!
- Tips for learning programming
- You can increase your intelligence: 5 ways to maximize your cognitive potential: forgive the clickbait title, it's actually a good article.
- How to ask good questions, Julia Evans.
- Stop Learning Frameworks
- Learning How to Learn: powerful mental tools to help you master tough subjects
- Why books don't work, Andy Matuschak.
- "As a medium, books are surprisingly bad at conveying knowledge, and readers mostly don't realize it."
- "In learning sciences, we call this model “transmissionism.” It's the notion that knowledge can be directly transmitted from teacher to student, like transcribing text from one page onto another. If only!"
- "By re-testing yourself on material you've learned over expanding intervals, you can cheaply and reliably commit huge volumes of information to long-term memory."
- Strategies, Tips, and Tricks for Anki: those advices work for any tool actually
- Add images. Our brains are wired visually, so this helps retention.
- Don't add things you don't understand.
- Don't add cards memorizing entire lists.
- Write it out. For wrong answers, I'll write it on paper. The act of writing is meditative. I really enjoy this.
- Keep on asking yourself why? why does this work? why does it work this way? Force yourself to understand the root of a topic.
- Cornell Method: when reading a topic, write out questions on the margins to quiz yourself.
- Pretend you have to teach it
- Use mnemonics phrases like PEMDAS for lists and other hard-to-remember topics.
- Delete cards that don't make sense or you don't want to remember anymore.
- Effective learning: Twenty rules of formulating knowledge
- Build upon the basics
- Stick to the minimum information principle: the material you learn must be formulated in as simple way as it is
- Cloze deletion is easy and effective: Kaleida's mission was to create a ... It finally produced one, called Script X. But it took three years
- Graphic deletion is as good as cloze deletion
- Avoid sets
- Avoid enumerations
- Combat interference - even the simplest items can be completely intractable if they are similar to other items. Use examples, context cues, vivid illustrations, refer to emotions, and to your personal life
- Personalize and provide examples - personalization might be the most effective way of building upon other memories. Your personal life is a gold mine of facts and events to refer to. As long as you build a collection for yourself, use personalization richly to build upon well established memories
- Provide sources - sources help you manage the learning process, updating your knowledge, judging its reliability, or importance
- Prioritize - effective learning is all about prioritizing.
- How to Remember Anything You Really Want to Remember, Backed by Science
- Quiz yourself
- Summarize and share with someone else.
- Connect what you just learned to experiences you previously had.
- How To Remember Anything Forever-ish: a comic about learning
- Get better at programming by learning how things work
- How to teach yourself hard things
- Building Your Own Personal Learning Curriculum
- Always do Extra
- Extra is finishing those two screens, but then researching a new library for form validation that might reduce the boilerplate code.
- Extra must be balanced against Normal Work.
- Extra must be aligned with your Normal Work.
- Against 3X Speed
- Lectures are most effective when they're only a component of the classroom experience
- Learning is about spaced repetition, not binge-reading books
- The Problems with Deliberate Practice
- Why Tacit Knowledge is More Important Than Deliberate Practice
- In Praise of Memorization
- You can't reason accurately without knowledge
- Memorizing organized your knowledge
- It stays with you
- Celebrate tiny learning milestones, Julia Evans.
- Keep a brag document
- You can do a lot "by accident"
- Fixing a bug can be milestone
- Why writing by hand is still the best way to retain information, StackOverflow
- ? Making Badass Developers - Kathy Sierra (Serious Pony) keynote
- How to study (with lots of cartoons from Calvin & Hobbes!)
- Manage your time
- Take notes in class & rewrite them at home
- Study hard subjects first & study in a quiet place
- Read actively & slowly, before & after class
- Haz tu tarea
- Study for exams
- Take Exams
- Do research & write essays
- Do I really have to do all this?
- Are there other websites that give study hints?
- 10 Things Software Developers Should Learn about Learning
- ? Things I Learned the Hard Way, Bryan Cantrill
About flashcards:
- Augmenting Long-term Memory
- How to write good prompts: using spaced repetition to create understanding - also includes lots of insightful research papers.
- Effective learning: Twenty rules of formulating knowledge
- Rules for Designing Precise Anki Cards
- Fernando Borretti, Effective Spaced Repetition
- Anki-fy Your Life gets into why it makes sense to invest in your memory.
About Zettelkasten and PKM (personal knowledge management): see Personal knowledge management
Richard Feynman's Learning Strategy:
- Step 1: Continually ask "Why?”
- Step 2: When you learn something, learn it to where you can explain it to a child.
- Step 3: Instead of arbitrarily memorizing things, look for the explanation that makes it obvious.
Most people overestimate what they can do in 1 year and underestimate what they can do in a decade. – Bill Gates
Frankly, though, I think most people can learn a lot more than they think they can. They sell themselves short without trying. One bit of advice: it is important to view knowledge as sort of a semantic tree — make sure you understand the fundamental principles, ie the trunk and big branches, before you get into the details/leaves or there is nothing for them to hang on a. — Elon Musk
"Experience is something you don't get until just after you need it." ― Steven Wright
Dime y me olvido. Enséñame y recuerdo. Involucrarme y aprendo. – Benjamin Franklin
Education is the kindling of a flame, not the filling of a vessel. – Socrates
That which we persist in doing becomes easier for us to do; not that the nature of the thing itself is changed, but that our power to do is increased. – Ralph Waldo Emerson
A wise man can learn more from a foolish question than a fool can learn from a wise answer. – Bruce Lee
A lecture has been well described as the process whereby the notes of the teacher become the notes of the student without passing through the mind of either. — Mortimer Adler
Fools learn from experience. I prefer to learn from the experience of others. — Bismark
Licenses (legal)
- Software Licenses in Plain English
Linux (system management)
- Welcome to Linux command line for you and me!
- Linux Performance, Brendan Gregg
Low-code/no-code
- How Levels.fyi scaled to millions of users with Google Sheets as a backend
Low-level, assembly
- Back to Basics, Joel Spolsky. Explains why learning low level programming is important.
- I think that some of the biggest mistakes people make even at the highest architectural levels come from having a weak or broken understanding of a few simple things at the very lowest levels.
- What's in a Linux executable?
- The Elements of Computing Systems: building a modern computer from first principles (nand2tetris).
- Old pattern powering modern tech
- Demystifying bitwise operations, a gentle C tutorial
- Understanding the Power of Bitwise Operators. No math needed
- Memory Allocation (an interactive article)
- Why does 0.1 + 0.2 = 0.30000000000000004?, Julia Evans (about floating point)
- Putting the "You" in CPU
- x86-64 Assembly Language Programming with Ubuntu
Machine learning/AI
- Transformers from Scratch
Matemáticas
Marketing
- goabstract/Marketing-for-Engineers
Red
- The Great Confusion About URIs
- A URI is a string of characters that identifies a resource. Its syntax is
<scheme>:<authority><path>?<query>#<fragment>
, where only <scheme>
and <path>
are mandatory. URL and URN are URIs. - A URL is a string of characters that identifies a resource located on a computer network. Its syntax depends on its scheme. Eg
mailto:[email protected]
. - A URN is a string of characters that uniquely identifies a resource. Its syntax is
urn:<namespace identifier>:<namespace specific string>
. Eg urn:isbn:9780062301239
- Everything you need to know about DNS
- Examples of Great URL Design
- Four Cool URLs - Alex Pounds' Blog
Observability (monitoring, logging, exception handling)
See also: Site Reliability Engineering (SRE)
Explotación florestal
- Do not log dwells on some logging antipatterns.
- Logging does not make much sense in monitoring and error tracking. Use better tools instead: error and business monitorings with alerts, versioning, event sourcing.
- Logging adds significant complexity to your architecture. And it requires more testing. Use architecture patterns that will make logging an explicit part of your contracts
- Logging is a whole infrastructure subsystem on its own. And quite a complex one. You will have to maintain it or to outsource this job to existing logging services
- Lies My Parents Told Me (About Logs)
- Logs are cheap
- I can run it better myself
- Leveled logging is a great way to separate information
- Logs are basically the same as events
- A standard logging format is good enough
- Logging - OWASP Cheat Sheet Series
- The Audit Log Wall of Shame: list of vendors that don't prioritize high-quality, widely-available audit logs for security and operations teams.
- Guide on Structured Logs
Error/exception handling
- Error handling antipatterns in this repo.
- Writing Helpful Error Messages, Google Developers' course on Technical Writing
- Explain the problem
- Explain the solution
- Write clearly
Métrica
- Meaningful availability
- A good availability metric should be meaningful, proportional, and actionable. By "meaningful" we mean that it should capture what users experience. By "proportional" we mean that a change in the metric should be proportional to the change in user-perceived availability. By "actionable" we mean that the metric should give system owners insight into why availability for a period was low. This paper shows that none of the commonly used metrics satisfy these requirements…
- ? Meaningful Availability paper.
- This paper presents and evaluates a novel availability metric: windowed user-uptime
Escucha
- Google, Site Reliability Engineering, Monitoring Distributed Systems
- PagerDuty, Monitoring Business Metrics and Refining Outage Response
- ? crazy-canux/awesome-monitoring: monitoring tools for operations.
- Monitoring in the time of Cloud Native
- How to Monitor the SRE Golden Signals
- From the Google SRE book: Latency, Traffic, Errors, and Saturation
- USE Method (from Brendan Gregg): Utilization, Saturation, and Errors
- RED Method (from Tom Wilkie): Rate, Errors, and Duration
- Simple Anomaly Detection Using Plain SQL
- How percentile approximation works (and why it's more useful than averages)
- Implementing health checks
- IETF RFC Health Check Response Format for HTTP APIs
Open source
- Non-code contributions are the secret to open source success
Operating system (OS)
- The Linux Programming Interface: A Linux and UNIX System Programming Handbook: already mentioned above.
- Modern Operating Systems, Andrew Tanenbaum, Herbert Bos (not read)
- Operating Systems: Three Easy Pieces (free book, not read)
- Linux Kernel Development, Robert Love. A very complete introduction to developing within the Linux Kernel.
- The 10 Operating System Concepts Software Developers Need to Remember
- Play with xv6 on MIT 6.828
- macOS Internals
Over-engineering
- 10 modern software over-engineering mistakes
- A good example of over-engineering: the Juicero press (April 2017)
- You Are Not Google: the UNPHAT method to avoid cargo cult.
- Don't even start considering solutions until you Understand the problem. Your goal should be to “solve” the problem mostly within the problem domain, not the solution domain.
- eNumerate multiple candidate solutions. Don't just start prodding at your favorite!
- Cavilaciones
- 1st poison: education.
- 2nd poison: marketing.
- 3rd poison: ego
- Solution: Stop trying to connect all the dots ahead of time. Embrace uncertainty and start doing.
- Don't Let Architecture Astronauts Scare You, Joel
- Sometimes smart thinkers just don't know when to stop, and they create these absurd, all-encompassing, high-level pictures of the universe that are all good and fine, but don't actually mean anything at all.
- Your typical architecture astronaut will take a fact like “Napster is a peer-to-peer service for downloading music” and ignore everything but the architecture, thinking it's interesting because it's peer to peer, completely missing the point that it's interesting because you can type the name of a song and listen to it right away.
“A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked. A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work. You have to start over, beginning with a working simple system.”
— John Gall, General systemantics, an essay on how systems work, and especially how they fail..., 1975 (this quote is sometime referred as "Galls' law")
"Software engineering is what happens to programming when you add time and other programmers."
— Rob Pike, Go at Google: Language Design in the Service of Software Engineering
You can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future. You have to trust in something — your gut, destiny, life, karma, whatever. This approach has never let me down, and it has made all the difference in my life.
— Steve Jobs
Actuación
- Numbers Everyone Should Know
- Latency numbers every programmer should know
- Rob Pike's 5 Rules of Programming
- You can't tell where a program is going to spend its time.
- Medida
- Fancy algorithms are slow when n is small, and n is usually small.
- Fancy algorithms are buggier than simple ones
- Data dominates.
- Performance comparison: counting words in Python, Go, C++, C, AWK, Forth, and Rust: a great way to learn about measuring performance.
- The Mathematical Hacker
- Four Kinds of Optimisation
Personal knowledge management (PKM)
- Zettelkasten Method
- How to build a second brain as a software developer
- Notes Against Note-Taking Systems
- An interesting contrarian take!
- I am waiting for any evidence that our most provocative thinkers and writers are those who rely on elaborate, systematic note-taking systems.
- I am seeing evidence that people taught knowledge management for its own sake produce unexciting work.
- MaggieAppleton/digital-gardeners
- Notes apps are where ideas go to die. And that's good.
Personal productivity
Check out this section on my list of management resources, "Personal productivity".
Perspectiva
- At 31, I have just weeks to live. Here's what I want to pass on
- First, the importance of gratitude.
- Second, a life, if lived well, is long enough.
- Third, it's important to let yourself be vulnerable and connect to others.
- Fourth, do something for others.
- Fifth, protect the planet.
- Life Is Not Short
- "The most surprising thing is that you wouldn't let anyone steal your property, but you consistently let people steal your time, which is infinitely more valuable." — Seneca
Privacidad
- Privacy Enhancing Technologies: An Introduction for Technologists, Katharine Jarmul, MartinFowler.com
Problem solving
- Dealing with Hard Problems
- Invert, always, invert
- Define the problem - what is it that you're trying to achieve?
- Invert it - what would guarantee the failure to achieve this outcome?
- Finally, consider solutions to avoid this failure
- ? Hammock Driven Development, Rick Hickey
- A classic talk on problem solving.
Product management for software engineers
See the Product management section on my entrepreneurship-resources list of resources.
- Checkout this newsletter produced by Posthog: Product for Engineers
Gestión de proyectos
See the Project management section on my engineering-management list of resources.
Programming languages
I would recommend learning:
- JavaScript and maybe another interpreted language (Python, Ruby, etc.). Interpreted languages are useful for quick one-off automation scripts, and fastest to write for interviews. JavaScript is ubiquitous.
- A compiled language (Java, C, C++...).
- A more recent language to see where the industry is going (as of writing, Go, Swift, Rust, Elixir...).
- A language that has first-class support for functional programming (Haskell, Scala, Clojure...).
A bit more reading:
- A brief, incomplete, mostly wrong history of programming languages
- Types
- Resources To Help You To Create Programming Languages
- Effective Programs - 10 Years of Clojure ?, Rich Hickey. The author of Clojure reflects on his programming experience and explains the rationale behind some of Clojure's key design decisions.
- Learn more programming languages, even if you won't use them, Thorsten Ball
- These new perspectives, these ideas and patterns — they linger, they stay with you, even if you end up in another language. And that is powerful enough to keep on learning new languages, because one of the best things that can happen to you when you're trying to solve a problem is a change of perspective.
- Programming Language Checklist: a fun take on "so you want to build your own language?"
- Static vs. dynamic languages: a literature review
- Polyglot Programming and the Benefits of Mastering Several Languages
- It's not what programming languages do, it's what they shepherd you to
- Ask HN: What do you code when learning a new language/framework?
- The seven programming ur-languages: ALGOL, Lisp, ML, Self, Forth, APL, Prolog
- Lua: The Little Language That Could
- The Montréal Effect: Why Programming Languages Need a Style Czar
- TodePond/DreamBerd: a perfect programming language
There are only two kinds of languages: the ones people complain about and the ones nobody uses.
-- Bjarne Stroustrup (C++ creator)
List of resources:
- Great Works in Programming Languages
Pitón
For Python check out my professional Python education repository.
Javascript
In this repository: check ./training/front-end/
JavaScript is such a pervasive language that it's almost required learning.
- mbeaudru/modern-js-cheatsheet: cheatsheet for the JavaScript knowledge you will frequently encounter in modern projects.
- javascript-tutorial: comprehensive JavaScript guide with simple but detailed explanantions. Available in several languages.
- 30 Days of JavaScript: 30 days of JavaScript programming challenge is a step-by-step guide to learn JavaScript programming language in 30 days.
- Unleash JavaScript's Potential with Functional Programming
Garbage collection
- A Guide to the Go Garbage Collector: a very insightful guide about Go's GC
Programming paradigm
- Imperative vs Declarative Programming, Tyler McGinnis.
- I draw the line between declarative and non-declarative at whether you can trace the code as it runs. Regex is 100% declarative, as it's untraceable while the pattern is being executed.
- ? Imperative vs Declarative Programming
Public speaking (presenting)
Lectura
- Papers we love: papers from the computer science community to read and discuss. Can be a good source of inspiration of solving your design problems.
- The morning paper: one CS research paper explained every morning.
- The Complete Guide to Effective Reading
- The benefits of note-taking by hand
- The Art of Reading More Effectively and Efficiently
- You should be reading academic computer science papers, Stack Overflow Blog
- How to Remember What You Read
- Tomar apuntes
- Mantente enfocado
- Mark up the book
- Make mental links
- Quit books
- Writing summaries is more important than reading more books
- In 1-2 sentences, what is the book about as a whole?
- What are the 3-4 central questions it tries to answer?
- Summarize the answers in one paragraph each.
- What are the most important things you have learned personally?
- There was an interesting contrarian take in the Hacker News thread: "Once I relaxed and decided, 'If the stuff in this book is good enough, my brain will keep it FOR me' both my satisfaction AND utility of books increased dramatically."
- You Are What You Read, Even If You Don't Always Remember It
- "I cannot remember the books I've read any more than the meals I have eaten; even so, they have made me.", Ralp Waldo Emerson
Refactoring
- The Rule of Three, Coding Horror
- Every programmer ever born thinks whatever idea just popped out of their head into their editor is the most generalized, most flexible, most one-size-fits all solution that has ever been conceived.
- It is three times as difficult to build reusable components as single use components.
- A reusable component should be tried out in three different applications before it will be sufficiently general to accept into a reuse library.
- Refactor vs. Rewrite
- Tripping over the potholes in too many libraries
Regular
- The Best Regex Trick
- regex101: build, test, and debug regex
Releasing & deploying
- How we release so frequently
- How to deploy software, Zach Holman
- BlueGreenDeployment, Martin Fowler
- Move fast and break nothing, Zach Holman
- ? Move fast and don't break things, Google
- Shipping to Production, The Pragmatic Programmer
Versiones
- SemVer - Semantic Versioning
- CalVer - Calendar Versioning
- Semantic Versioning Will Not Save You
- Version numbers: how to use them?
Checklists
- Production Readiness Checklist, Gruntwork
- Checklist: what had to be done before deploying microservices to production
- Things end users care about but programmers don't: includes colors, formatting, themes, integrations, UX, compatibility, operations.
Banderas de características
- Flipping out, Flickr. One of the first articles about feature flags.
- Feature Flags, Toggles, Controls, a website documenting feature flags, from Launch Darkly.
- Feature Toggles (aka Feature Flags), Pete Hodgson, martinFowler.com. Comprehensive article on the topic.
- Deliver new functionality to users rapidly but safely
- Release Toggles allow incomplete and un-tested codepaths to be shipped to production as latent code which may never be turned on.
- Experiment Toggles are used to perform multivariate or A/B testing.
- Ops Toggles control operational aspects of our system's behavior.
- Permissioning Toggles change the features or product experience that certain users receive.
- Static vs dynamic toggles
- Long-lived toggles vs transient toggles
- Savvy teams view their Feature Toggles as inventory which comes with a carrying cost, and work to keep that inventory as low as possible.
- Feature Flags Best Practices: Release Management, LaunchDarkly
- How we ship code faster and safer with feature flags, Github.
- Flipr: Making Changes Quickly and Safely at Scale, Uber
- Feature flags are ruining your codebase
Testing in production
- Why We Leverage Multi-tenancy in Uber's Microservice Architecture
- Developing in Production
- Complex systems have emergent behavior, producing epiphenomenon that only appears with sufficient scale.
- Wood's theorem: As the complexity of a system increases, the accuracy of any single agent's own model of that system decreases rapidly.
- The more tools and code that you add to create elements in a system, the harder it is to replicate an environment encompassing those tools and code.
- At the core of testing in production is the idea of splitting deployments (of artifacts) from releases (of features).
- Testing in Production: the hard parts, Cindy Sridharan
- The whole point of [actual] distributed systems engineering is you assume you're going to fail at some point in time and you design the system in such a way that the damage, at each point is minimized, that recovery is quick, and that the risk is acceptably balanced with cost.
- How can you cut the blast radius for a similar event in half?
- Differentiate between deployment (0 risk) and release
- Build a deploy-observe-release pipeline
- Make incremental rollouts the norm (canaries, %-based rollouts, etc.)
- Test configuration changes just like you test code
- Default to roll back, avoid fixing forward (slow!)
- Eliminate gray failures - prefer crashing to degrading in certain cases
- Prefer loosely coupled services at the expense of latency or correctness
- Use poison tasters (isolate handling of client input)
- Implement per-request-class backpressure
- Have proper visibility from a client/end-user standpoint (client-side metrics)
- Testing in Production, the safe way
- Multi-Tenancy in a Microservice Architecture
Fiabilidad
See also System architecture
Libros:
- Site Reliability Engineering
- Written by members of Google's SRE team, with a comprehensive analysis of the entire software lifecycle - how to build, deploy, monitor, and maintain large scale systems.
Citas:
Quality is a snapshot at the start of life and reliability is a motion picture of the day-by-day operation. – NIST
Reliability is the one feature every customer users. -- An auth0 SRE.
Artículos:
- I already mentioned the book Release it! arriba. There's also a presentation from the author.
- Service Recovery: Rolling Back vs. Forward Fixing
- How Complex Systems Fail
- Catastrophe requires multiple failures – single point failures are not enough.
- Complex systems contain changing mixtures of failures latent within them.
- Post-accident attribution to a 'root cause' is fundamentally wrong.
- Hindsight biases post-accident assessments of human performance.
- Safety is a characteristic of systems and not of their components
- Failure free operations require experience with failure.
- Systems that defy detailed understanding
- Focus effort on systems-level failure, instead of the individual component failure.
- Invest in sophisticated observability tools, aiming to increase the number of questions we can ask without deploying custom code
- Operating a Large, Distributed System in a Reliable Way: Practices I Learned, Gergely Orosz.
- A good summary of processes to implement.
- Production Oriented Development
- Code in production is the only code that matters
- Engineers are the subject matter experts for the code they write and should be responsible for operating it in production.
- Buy Almost Always Beats Build
- Make Deploys Easy
- Trust the People Closest to the Knives
- QA Gates Make Quality Worse
- Boring Technology is Great.
- Non-Production Environments Have Diminishing Returns
- Things Will Always Break
- ? High Reliability Infrastructure migrations, Julia Evans.
- Appendix F: Personal Observations on the Reliability of the Shuttle, Richard Feynman
- Lessons learned from two decades of Site Reliability Engineering
Recursos:
- ? dastergon/awesome-sre
- ? upgundecha/howtheysre: a curated collection of publicly available resources on SRE at technology and tech-savvy organizations
Resistencia
- ? The Walking Dead - A Survival Guide to Resilient Applications
- ? Defensive Programming & Resilient systems in Real World (TM)
- ? Full Stack Fest: Architectural Patterns of Resilient Distributed Systems
- ? The 7 quests of resilient software design
- ? Resilience engineering papers: comprehensive list of resources on resilience engineering
- MTTR is more important than MTBF (for most types of F) (also as a presentation)
Buscar
- What every software engineer should know about search
Seguridad
- Penetration Testing: A Hands-On Introduction to Hacking, Georgia Weidman
- Penetration Testing Tools Cheat Sheet
- A practical guide to securing macOS
- Web Application Security Guide/Checklist
- Reckon you've seen some stupid security things?: everything not to do.
- Checklist of the most important security countermeasures when designing, testing, and releasing your API
- OWASP Cheat Sheet Series: a series of cheat sheets about various security topics.
- Docker Security
- How to improve your Docker containers security
- Secure by Design, a book review by Henrik Warne.
- There is a big overlap between secure code and good software design
- Every domain value should instead be represented by a domain primitive.
- External input needs to be validated before it is used in the system, in the following order: origin, size, lexical content, syntax, semantics.
- Entities should be consistent at creation, have limited operation, shouldn't be sharing mutable objects.
- Three Rs to do every few hours: rotate secrets automatically, repave servers and applications (redeploy on clean footprint), repair vulnerable.
- Don't use exceptions for the control flow.
- OWASP Top Ten Web Application Security Risks
- How to start an AppSec program with the OWASP Top 10
- ukncsc/zero-trust-architecture: Principles to help you design and deploy a zero trust architecture
- ? Minimum Viable Security
- The Open Software Assurance Maturity Model
- Security by Obscurity is Underrated
- Don't Wanna Pay Ransom Gangs? Test Your Backups, Krebs on Security
- The Beginner's Guide to Passwords
- The Password Game
- Learnings from 5 years of tech startup code audits
- API Tokens: A Tedious Survey: don't use JWT.
- The Six Dumbest Ideas in Computer Security
Training for developers:
- Hacksplaining
- Codebashing
- OWASP Security Knowledge Framework
- PagerDuty Security Training
- Gruyere: Web Application Exploits and Defenses
List of resources:
- ? meirwah/awesome-incident-response: tools for incident response
- ? Starting Up Security
- ? decalage2/awesome-security-hardening: security hardening guides, tools and other resources
Shell (command line)
- The case for bash
- ? alebcay/awesome-shell
- ? dylanaraps/pure-bash-bible: pure bash alternatives to external processes.
- The Bash Hackers Wiki provides a gentler way to learn about bash than its manages.
- Awk in 20 Minutes
- ? Linux Productivity Tools
- jlevy/the-art-of-command-line: master the command line, in one page must read
- Minimal safe Bash script template
- Command Line Interface Guidelines
- The Linux Commands Handbook
- How to write idempotent Bash scripts
- Learn bash by playing an adventure
- Effective Shell
- Computing from the Command Line
- What helps people get comfortable on the command line?, Julia Evans
- 6 Techniques I Use to Create a Great User Experience for Shell Scripts
Sql
- SQL styleguide
- Best practices for writing SQL queries
- Practical SQL for Data Analysis
- Reasons why SELECT * is bad for SQL performance
- Animate SQL
- Lost at SQL, an SQL learning game
- Joins 13 Ways
- spandanb/learndb-py: learn database internals by implementing it from scratch.
- SQL for the Weary
System administration
- ? kahun/awesome-sysadmin: a curated list of amazingly awesome open source sysadmin resources
System architecture
See also Reliability, Scalability
Reading lists:
- ? donnemartin/system-design-primer: learn how to design large scale systems. Prep for the system design interview.
- ? A Distributed Systems Reading List
- ? Foundational distributed systems papers
- ? Services Engineering Reading List
- ? System Design Cheatsheet
- karanpratapsingh/system-design: learn how to design systems at scale and prepare for system design interviews
- A Distributed Systems Reading List
Blogs:
- High Scalability: great blog about system architecture, its weekly review article are packed with numerous insights and interesting technology reviews. Checkout the all-times favorites.
Libros:
- Building Microservices, Sam Newman (quite complete discussion of microservices)
- Designing Data-Intensive Applications
Artículos:
6 Rules of thumb to build blazing fast web server applications
The twelve-factor app
Introduction to architecting systems for scale
The Log: What every software engineer should know about real-time data's unifying abstraction: one of those classical articles that everyone should read.
Turning the database outside-out with Apache Samza
Fallacies of distributed computing, Wikipedia
The biggest thing Amazon got right: the platform
- All teams will henceforth expose their data and functionality through service interfaces.
- Monitoring and QA are the same thing.
Building Services at Airbnb, part 3
- Resilience is a Requirement, Not a Feature
Building Services at Airbnb, part 4
- Building Schema Based Testing Infrastructure for service development
Patterns of Distributed Systems, MartinFowler.com
ConwaysLaw, MartinFowler.com (regarding organization, check out my engineering-management list).
The C4 model for visualising software architecture
If Architects had to work like Programmers
Architecture patterns
- BFF (backend for frontend)
- Cortacircuitos
- Rate limiter algorithms (and their implementation)
- Load Balancing: a visual exploration of load balancing algos
- Good Retry, Bad Retry: An Incident Story: insightful, well-written story about retries, circuit breakers, deadline, etc.
Microservices/splitting a monolith
- Service oriented architecture: scaling the Uber engineering codebase as we grow
- Don't start with microservices in production – monoliths are your friend
- Deep lessons from Google And EBay on building ecosystems of microservices
- Introducing domain-oriented microservice architecture, Uber
- Instead of orienting around single microservices, we oriented around collections of related microservices. We call these domains.
- In small organizations, the operational benefit likely does not offset the increase in architectural complexity.
- Best Practices for Building a Microservice Architecture
- ? Avoid Building a Distributed Monolith
- ? Breaking down the monolith
- Monoliths are the future
- "We're gonna break it up and somehow find the engineering discipline we never had in the first place."
- 12 Ways to Prepare your Monolith Before Transitioning to Microservices
- Death by a thousand microservices
Escalabilidad
See also: Reliability, System architecture
- Scalable web architecture and distributed systems
- Scalability Rules: 50 Principles for Scaling Web Sites (presentation)
- Scaling to 100k Users, Alex Pareto. The basics of getting from 1 to 100k users.
Site Reliability Engineering (SRE)
See: Reliability
Technical debt
- TechnicalDebt, Martin Fowler.
- Fixing Technical Debt with an Engineering Allocation Framework
- You don't need to stop shipping features to fix technical debt
- Communicate the business value
- Ur-Technical Debt
- Today, any code that a developer dislikes is branded as technical debt.
- Ward Cunningham invented the debt metaphor to explain to his manager that building iteratively gave them working code faster, much like borrowing money to start a project, but that it was essential to keep paying down the debt, otherwise the interest payments would grind the project to a halt.
- Ur-technical debt is generally not detectable by static analysis.
Pruebas
- ️ Testing strategies in a microservices architecture (Martin Fowler) is an awesome resources explaining how to test a service properly.
- ? Testing Distributed Systems
Why test:
- Why bother writing tests at all?, Dave Cheney. A good intro to the topic.
- Even if you don't, someone will test your software
- The majority of testing should be performed by development teams
- Manual testing should not be the majority of your testing because manual testing is O(n)
- Tests are the critical component that ensure you can always ship your master branch
- Tests lock in behaviour
- Tests give you confidence to change someone else's code
How to test:
- A quick puzzle to test your problem solving... and a great way to learn about confirmation bias and why you're mostly writing positive test cases.
- Testing is not for beginners: why learning to test is hard. This shouldn't demotivate you though!
- Arrange-act-assert: a pattern for writing good tests
- Test smarter, not harder
Test pyramid:
- The test pyramid, Martin Fowler
- Eradicating non-determinism in tests, Martin Fowler
- The practical test pyramid, MartinFowler.com
- Be clear about the different types of tests that you want to write. Agree on the naming in your team and find consensus on the scope of each type of test.
- Every single test in your test suite is additional baggage and doesn't come for free.
- Test code is as important as production code.
- Software testing anti-patterns, Kostis Kapelonis.
- Write tests. Not too many. Mostly integration. for a contrarian take about unit testing
- ? Unit test 2, Integration test: 0
- Testing in the Twenties
- Google Testing Blog: Test Sizes
- Pyramid or Crab? Find a testing strategy that fits, web.dev
End-to-end tests:
- Just say no to more end-to-end tests, Google Testing Blog
- End-to-end testing considered harmful
Herramientas
- DevDocs API Documentation: a repository for multiple API docs (see also Dash for macOS).
- DevChecklist: a collaborative space for sharing checklists that help ensure software quality
- ? Free for developers: list of free tiers for developments tools and services
- Choose Boring Technology
- Ask HN: Best dev tool pitches of all time?
- A list of /uses pages detailing developer setups, gear, software and configs
The future life expectancy of some non-perishable things, like a technology or an idea, is proportional to their current age — Lindy's Law
Type system
- Counterexamples in Type Systems: a library of runtime issues that weren't caught by the type system
Tipografía
- Butterick's Practical Typography
- Typography for Lawyers
- Quick guide to web typography for developers · OlegWock
- Features of your font you had no idea about
Version control (Git)
Learning Git, courses and books:
- Git Book
- Git from the inside out
- Git Tutorials and Training, Atlassian
- Git Immersion
- A Visual Git Reference (a bit more advanced)
- Think Like (a) Git
- Git's database internals I: packed object store: an insightful deep dive from Github
- Oh My Git!: a game to learn git
Cheat sheets:
- Git Cheat Sheet
- git-tips
- Oh Shit, Git!?!
More specific topics:
- Conventional Commits
- Git Merge vs. Rebase: What's the Diff?
- ? Story-telling with Git rebase
- ? Git Rebase vs. Merge
- ? 10 Git Anti Patterns You Should be Aware of
- Learn Git Branching: an interactive game
- Fix conflicts only once with git rerere
- Monorepo Explained
- How to Write a Git Commit Message
- git-worktree: manage multiple working trees attached to the same repository.
Work ethics, productivity & work/life balance
Check out this section on my list of engineering-management resources, "Personal productivity".
Desarrollo web
In this repository: check training/web-dev/ and ./training/front-end/
Learning guide and resources:
- grab/front-end-guide: a study guide and introduction to the modern front end stack.
- Front-End Developer Handbook 2019, Cody Lindley
- A Directory of design and front-end resources
- ? codingknite/frontend-development: a list of resources for frontend development
Temas:
- 136 facts every web dev should know
- Maintainable CSS
- Things you forgot (or never knew) because of React
- Checklist - The A11Y Project for accessibility
- DevTools Tips
- 67 Weird Debugging Tricks Your Browser Doesn't Want You to Know
- Client-Side Architecture Basics
- Web Browser Engineering: this book explains how to build a basic but complete web browser, from networking to JavaScript, in a couple thousand lines of Python.
Writing (communication, blogging)
➡️ See also my engineering-management list
- Undervalued Software Engineering Skills: Writing Well
- From the HN discussion: "Writing a couple of pages of design docs or an Amazon-style 6 pager or whatever might take a few days of work, but can save weeks or more of wasted implementation time when you realise your system design was flawed or it doesn't address any real user needs."
- Sell Yourself Sell Your Work
- If you've done great work, if you've produced superb software or fixed a fault with an aeroplane or investigated a problem, without telling anyone you may as well not have bothered.
- The Writing Well Handbook
- Ideas — Identify what to write about
- First Drafts — Generate insights on your topic
- Rewriting — Rewrite for clarity, intrigue, and succinctness
- Style — Rewrite for style and flow
- Practicing — Improve as a writer
- Write Simply, Paul Graham
- Writing is Thinking: Learning to Write with Confidence
- It's time to start writing explains why Jeff Bezos banned PowerPoint at Amazon.
- The reason writing a good 4 page memo is harder than "writing" a 20 page powerpoint is because the narrative structure of a good memo forces better thought and better understanding of what's more important than what, and how things are related.
- Powerpoint-style presentations somehow give permission to gloss over ideas, flatten out any sense of relative importance, and ignore the interconnectedness of ideas.
- Programming and Writing, Antirez
- Writing one sentence per line
- Ask HN: How to level up your technical writing?. Lots of great resources.
- Patterns in confusing explanations, Julia Evans
- Technical Writing for Developers
- Some blogging myths, Julia Evans
- George Orwell's Six Rules for Writing
- Never use a metaphor, simile, or other figure of speech which you are used to seeing in print.
- Never use a long word where a short one will do.
- If it is possible to cut a word out, always cut it out.
- Never use the passive where you can use the active.
- Never use a foreign phrase, a scientific word, or a jargon word if you can think of an everyday English equivalent.
- Break any of these rules sooner than say anything outright barbarous.
- Blog Writing for Developers
Guides & classes about technical writing:
- Documentation Guide — Write the Docs
- Principles
- Style guides
- Docs as code
- Markup languages
- Herramientas
- Technical Writing One introduction, Google
- Gramática
- Voz activa
- Clear & short sentences
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If you're overthinking, write. If you're underthinking, read. – @AlexAndBooks_
Resources & inspiration for presentations
- https://twitter.com/devops_borat
- https://speakerdeck.com/
- Dilbert
- Calvin & Hobbes (search engine)
- https://twitter.com/_workchronicles
Keeping up-to-date
Website and RSS feeds (I use Feedly):
- Hacker News ️
- VentureBeat
- High Scalability: see above
Seguridad:
- Schneier on Security
- Krebs on Security
- Las noticias del hacker
Newsletters:
- Bytes (JavaScript)
- PyCoders (Python)
- Posthog
Blogs:
- kilimchoi/engineering-blogs
Concepts
Glosario
- BDD
- CAP theorem
- Ddd
- SECO
- EAV
- COMPRENDER
- BESO
- Make it run, make it right, make it fast
- OOP
- SÓLIDO
- TDD
- Two Generals' Problem
- YAGNI
My other lists
- engineering-management
- entrepreneurship-resources
- professional-programming
- python-education