(1) The principle of resumable download <BR>In fact, the principle of resumable download is very simple. It is just that the HTTP request is different from the general download.
For example, when a browser requests a file on the server, the request it makes is as follows:
Assume that the server domain name is wwww.sjtu.edu.cn and the file name is down.zip.
GET /down.zip HTTP/1.1
Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-
excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, */*
Accept-Language: zh-cn
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)
Connection: Keep-Alive
After the server receives the request, it searches for the requested file as required, extracts the file information, and then returns it to the browser. The returned information is as follows
200
Content-Length=106786028
Accept-Ranges=bytes
Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT
ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"
Content-Type=application/octet-stream
Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0
Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:56:11 GMT
The so-called resume download means to continue downloading from the point where the file has been downloaded. So in the client browser pass
When it comes to web servers, one more piece of information needs to be added - where to start.
The following is a "browser" compiled by myself to pass the request information to the Web server. The request starts from 2000070 bytes.
GET /down.zip HTTP/1.0
User-Agent: NetFox
RANGE: bytes=2000070-
Accept: text/html, image/gif, image/jpeg, *; q=.2, */*; q=.2
If you look carefully, you will find an extra line of RANGE: bytes=2000070-
The meaning of this line is to tell the server that the file down.zip will be transmitted starting from 2000070 bytes, and the previous bytes do not need to be transmitted.
After the server receives this request, the information returned is as follows:
206
Content-Length=106786028
Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028
Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT
ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"
Content-Type=application/octet-stream
Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0
Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2001 12:55:20 GMT
Comparing it with the information returned by the previous server, you will find that a line has been added:
Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028
The return code has also been changed to 206 instead of 200.
Knowing the above principles, you can program breakpoint resume downloading.
(2) Key points in implementing breakpoint resume transfer in Java
(1) What method is used to submit RANGE: bytes=2000070-.
Of course, it can definitely be done using the original Socket, but that would be too troublesome. In fact, Java's net package provides this function. The code is as follows:
URL url = new URL("http://www.sjtu.edu.cn/down.zip");
HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
//Set User-Agent
httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");
//Set the start position of breakpoint resume transmission
httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE","bytes=2000070");
//Get input stream
InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();
The byte stream taken out from the input stream is the byte stream starting from 2000070 in the down.zip file.
You see, it is actually very simple to implement breakpoint resume transfer in Java.
The next thing to do is how to save the obtained stream to a file.
The method used to save the file.
I use the RandAccessFile class in the IO package.
The operation is quite simple. Assume that the file is saved starting from 2000070. The code is as follows:
Copy the code code as follows:
RandomAccess oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile("down.zip","rw");
long nPos = 2000070;
//Locate the file pointer to the nPos position
oSavedFile.seek(nPos);
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int nRead;
//Read the byte stream from the input stream and write it to the file
while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0)
{
oSavedFile.write(b,0,nRead);
}
Anyway, it's very simple.
The next thing to do is to integrate it into a complete program. Including a series of thread control and so on.
(3) The implementation of the breakpoint resume kernel <BR>mainly uses 6 classes, including a test class.
SiteFileFetch.java is responsible for grabbing the entire file and controlling the internal thread (FileSplitterFetch class).
FileSplitterFetch.java is responsible for fetching some files.
FileAccess.java is responsible for file storage.
Information about the file that SiteInfoBean.java wants to crawl, such as the directory where the file is saved, its name, the URL of the crawled file, etc.
Utility.java tool class, put some simple methods.
TestMethod.java test class.
The following is the source program:
Copy the code code as follows:
/*
**SiteFileFetch.java
*/
package NetFox;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class SiteFileFetch extends Thread {
SiteInfoBean siteInfoBean = null; //File information Bean
long[] nStartPos; //Start position
long[] nEndPos; //End position
FileSplitterFetch[] fileSplitterFetch; //Sub-thread object
long nFileLength; //File length
boolean bFirst = true; //Whether to fetch the file for the first time
boolean bStop = false; //Stop sign
File tmpFile; //Temporary information for file download
DataOutputStream output; //Output stream to file
public SiteFileFetch(SiteInfoBean bean) throws IOException
{
siteInfoBean = bean;
//tmpFile = File.createTempFile ("zhong","1111",new File(bean.getSFilePath()));
tmpFile = new File(bean.getSFilePath()+File.separator + bean.getSFileName()+".info");
if(tmpFile.exists ())
{
bFirst = false;
read_nPos();
}
else
{
nStartPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];
nEndPos = new long[bean.getNSplitter()];
}
}
public void run()
{
//Get the file length
//split file
//Instance FileSplitterFetch
//Start the FileSplitterFetch thread
//Wait for the child thread to return
try{
if(bFirst)
{
nFileLength = getFileSize();
if(nFileLength == -1)
{
System.err.println("File Length is not known!");
}
else if(nFileLength == -2)
{
System.err.println("File is not access!");
}
else
{
for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
{
nStartPos[i] = (long)(i*(nFileLength/nStartPos.length));
}
for(int i=0;i<nEndPos.length-1;i++)
{
nEndPos[i] = nStartPos[i+1];
}
nEndPos[nEndPos.length-1] = nFileLength;
}
}
//Start child thread
fileSplitterFetch = new FileSplitterFetch[nStartPos.length];
for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
{
fileSplitterFetch[i] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),
siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),
nStartPos[i],nEndPos[i],i);
Utility.log("Thread " + i + " , nStartPos = " + nStartPos[i] + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos[i]);
fileSplitterFetch[i].start();
}
// fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1] = new FileSplitterFetch(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL(),
siteInfoBean.getSFilePath() + File.separator + siteInfoBean.getSFileName(),nPos[nPos.length-1],nFileLength,nPos.length-1);
// Utility.log("Thread " + (nPos.length-1) + " , nStartPos = " + nPos[nPos.length-1] + ",
nEndPos = " + nFileLength);
// fileSplitterFetch[nPos.length-1].start();
//Wait for the child thread to end
//int count = 0;
//Whether to end the while loop
boolean breakWhile = false;
while(!bStop)
{
write_nPos();
Utility.sleep(500);
breakWhile = true;
for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
{
if(!fileSplitterFetch[i].bDownOver)
{
breakWhile = false;
break;
}
}
if(breakWhile)
break;
//count++;
//if(count>4)
// siteStop();
}
System.err.println("File download completed!");
}
catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
}
//Get the file length
public long getFileSize()
{
int nFileLength = -1;
try{
URL url = new URL(siteInfoBean.getSSiteURL());
HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();
httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");
int responseCode=httpConnection.getResponseCode();
if(responseCode>=400)
{
processErrorCode(responseCode);
return -2; //-2 represents access is error
}
String sHeader;
for(int i=1;;i++)
{
//DataInputStream in = new DataInputStream(httpConnection.getInputStream ());
//Utility.log(in.readLine());
sHeader=httpConnection.getHeaderFieldKey(i);
if(sHeader!=null)
{
if(sHeader.equals("Content-Length"))
{
nFileLength = Integer.parseInt(httpConnection.getHeaderField(sHeader));
break;
}
}
else
break;
}
}
catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
Utility.log(nFileLength);
return nFileLength;
}
//Save download information (file pointer position)
private void write_nPos()
{
try{
output = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(tmpFile));
output.writeInt(nStartPos.length);
for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
{
// output.writeLong(nPos[i]);
output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nStartPos);
output.writeLong(fileSplitterFetch[i].nEndPos);
}
output.close();
}
catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
}
//Read the saved download information (file pointer position)
private void read_nPos()
{
try{
DataInputStream input = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(tmpFile));
int nCount = input.readInt();
nStartPos = new long[nCount];
nEndPos = new long[nCount];
for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
{
nStartPos[i] = input.readLong();
nEndPos[i] = input.readLong();
}
input.close();
}
catch(IOException e){e.printStackTrace ();}
catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
}
private void processErrorCode(int nErrorCode)
{
System.err.println("Error Code : " + nErrorCode);
}
//Stop file download
public void siteStop()
{
bStop = true;
for(int i=0;i<nStartPos.length;i++)
fileSplitterFetch[i].splitterStop();
}
}
/*
**FileSplitterFetch.java
*/
package NetFox;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
public class FileSplitterFetch extends Thread {
String sURL; //File URL
long nStartPos; //File Snippet Start Position
long nEndPos; //File Snippet End Position
int nThreadID; //Thread's ID
boolean bDownOver = false; //Downing is over
boolean bStop = false; //Stop identical
FileAccessI fileAccessI = null; //File Access interface
public FileSplitterFetch(String sURL,String sName,long nStart,long nEnd,int id) throws IOException
{
this.sURL = sURL;
this.nStartPos = nStart;
this.nEndPos = nEnd;
nThreadID = id;
fileAccessI = new FileAccessI(sName,nStartPos);
}
public void run()
{
while(nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)
{
try{
URL url = new URL(sURL);
HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection ();
httpConnection.setRequestProperty("User-Agent","NetFox");
String sProperty = "bytes="+nStartPos+"-";
httpConnection.setRequestProperty("RANGE",sProperty);
Utility.log(sProperty);
InputStream input = httpConnection.getInputStream();
//logResponseHead(httpConnection);
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int nRead;
while((nRead=input.read(b,0,1024)) > 0 && nStartPos < nEndPos && !bStop)
{
nStartPos += fileAccessI.write(b,0,nRead);
//if(nThreadID == 1)
// Utility.log("nStartPos = " + nStartPos + ", nEndPos = " + nEndPos);
}
Utility.log("Thread " + nThreadID + " is over!");
bDownOver = true;
//nPos = fileAccessI.write (b,0,nRead);
}
catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();}
}
}
//Print response header information
public void logResponseHead(HttpURLConnection con)
{
for(int i=1;;i++)
{
String header=con.getHeaderFieldKey(i);
if(header!=null)
//responseHeaders.put(header,httpConnection.getHeaderField(header));
Utility.log(header+" : "+con.getHeaderField(header));
else
break;
}
}
public void splitterStop()
{
bStop = true;
}
}
/*
**FileAccess.java
*/
package NetFox;
import java.io.*;
public class FileAccessI implements Serializable{
RandomAccessFile oSavedFile;
long nPos;
public FileAccessI() throws IOException
{
this("",0);
}
public FileAccessI(String sName,long nPos) throws IOException
{
oSavedFile = new RandomAccessFile(sName,"rw");
this.nPos = nPos;
oSavedFile.seek(nPos);
}
public synchronized int write(byte[] b,int nStart,int nLen)
{
int n = -1;
try{
oSavedFile.write(b,nStart,nLen);
n = nLen;
}
catch(IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace ();
}
return n;
}
}
/*
**SiteInfoBean.java
*/
package NetFox;
public class SiteInfoBean {
private String sSiteURL; //Site's URL
private String sFilePath; //Saved File's Path
private String sFileName; //Saved File's Name
private int nSplitter; //Count of Splited Downloading File
public SiteInfoBean()
{
//default value of nSplitter is 5
this("","","",5);
}
public SiteInfoBean(String sURL,String sPath,String sName,int nSpiltter)
{
sSiteURL= sURL;
sFilePath = sPath;
sFileName = sName;
this.nSplitter = nSpiltter;
}
public String getSSiteURL()
{
return sSiteURL;
}
public void setSSiteURL(String value)
{
sSiteURL = value;
}
public String getSFilePath()
{
return sFilePath;
}
public void setSFilePath(String value)
{
sFilePath = value;
}
public String getSFileName()
{
return sFileName;
}
public void setSFileName(String value)
{
sFileName = value;
}
public int getNSplitter()
{
return nSplitter;
}
public void setNSplitter(int nCount)
{
nSplitter = nCount;
}
}
/*
**Utility.java
*/
package NetFox;
public class Utility {
public Utility()
{
}
public static void sleep(int nSecond)
{
try{
Thread.sleep(nSecond);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void log(String sMsg)
{
System.err.println(sMsg);
}
public static void log(int sMsg)
{
System.err.println(sMsg);
}
}
/*
**TestMethod.java
*/
package NetFox;
public class TestMethod {
public TestMethod()
{ ///xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe
try{
SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("http://localhost/xx/weblogic60b2_win.exe","L://temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);
//SiteInfoBean bean = new SiteInfoBean("http://localhost:8080/down.zip","L://temp","weblogic60b2_win.exe",5);
SiteFileFetch fileFetch = new SiteFileFetch(bean);
fileFetch.start();
}
catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace ();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
new TestMethod();
}
}
