from java to kotlin
1.0.0
從 Java 到 Kotlin - Java 到 Kotlin 備忘錄
大家好,我是Amit Shekhar,Outcome School 聯合創始人• IIT 2010-14 • 我曾教授和指導過許多開發人員,他們的努力為他們帶來了高薪技術工作,幫助許多技術公司解決了他們的獨特問題,並創造了許多頂級公司正在使用的開源庫。我熱衷於透過開源、部落格和影片分享知識。
您可以透過以下方式與我聯繫:
爪哇
System . out . print ( "Amit Shekhar" );
System . out . println ( "Amit Shekhar" );
科特林
print ( " Amit Shekhar " )
println ( " Amit Shekhar " )
爪哇
String name = "Amit Shekhar" ;
final String name = "Amit Shekhar" ;
科特林
var name = " Amit Shekhar "
val name = " Amit Shekhar "
爪哇
String otherName ;
otherName = null ;
科特林
var otherName : String?
otherName = null
爪哇
if ( text != null ) {
int length = text . length ();
}
科特林
text?. let {
val length = text.length
}
// or simply
val length = text?.length
爪哇
String sampleString = "Shekhar" ;
if (! sampleString . isEmpty ()) {
myTextView . setText ( sampleString );
}
if ( sampleString != null && ! sampleString . isEmpty ()){
myTextView . setText ( sampleString );
}
科特林
var sampleString = " Shekhar "
if (sampleString.isNotEmpty()){ // the feature of kotlin extension function
myTextView.text = sampleString
}
if ( ! sampleString.isNullOrEmpty()){
myTextView.text = sampleString
}
爪哇
String firstName = "Amit" ;
String lastName = "Shekhar" ;
String message = "My name is: " + firstName + " " + lastName ;
科特林
var firstName = " Amit "
var lastName = " Shekhar "
var message = " My name is: $firstName $lastName "
爪哇
String text = "First Line n " +
"Second Line n " +
"Third Line" ;
科特林
val text = """
|First Line
|Second Line
|Third Line
""" .trimMargin()
爪哇
String str = "Java to Kotlin Guide" ;
String substr = "" ;
//print java
substr = str . substring ( 0 , 4 );
System . out . println ( "substring = " + substr );
//print kotlin
substr = str . substring ( 8 , 14 );
System . out . println ( "substring = " + substr );
科特林
var str = " Java to Kotlin Guide "
var substr = " "
// print java
substr = str.substring( 0 .. 3 ) //
println ( " substring $substr " )
// print kotlin
substr = str.substring( 8 .. 13 )
println ( " substring $substr " )
爪哇
String text = x > 5 ? "x > 5" : "x <= 5" ;
String message = null ;
log ( message != null ? message : "" );
科特林
val text = if (x > 5 ) " x > 5 " else " x <= 5 "
val message : String? = null
log(message ? : " " )
爪哇
final int andResult = a & b ;
final int orResult = a | b ;
final int xorResult = a ^ b ;
final int rightShift = a >> 2 ;
final int leftShift = a << 2 ;
final int unsignedRightShift = a >>> 2 ;
科特林
val andResult = a and b
val orResult = a or b
val xorResult = a xor b
val rightShift = a shr 2
val leftShift = a shl 2
val unsignedRightShift = a ushr 2
爪哇
if ( object instanceof Car ) {
Car car = ( Car ) object ;
}
科特林
if ( object is Car) {
var car = object as Car
}
// if object is null
var car = object as ? Car // var car = object as Car?
爪哇
if ( object instanceof Car ) {
Car car = ( Car ) object ;
}
科特林
if ( object is Car) {
var car = object // smart casting
}
// if object is null
if ( object is Car?) {
var car = object // smart casting, car will be null
}
爪哇
if ( score >= 0 && score <= 300 ) { }
科特林
if (score in 0 .. 300 ) { }
爪哇
int score = // some score;
String grade ;
switch ( score ) {
case 10 :
case 9 :
grade = "Excellent" ;
break ;
case 8 :
case 7 :
case 6 :
grade = "Good" ;
break ;
case 5 :
case 4 :
grade = "OK" ;
break ;
case 3 :
case 2 :
case 1 :
grade = "Fail" ;
break ;
default :
grade = "Fail" ;
}
科特林
var score = // some score
var grade = when (score) {
9 , 10 -> " Excellent "
in 6 .. 8 -> " Good "
4 , 5 -> " OK "
else -> " Fail "
}
爪哇
for ( int i = 1 ; i <= 10 ; i ++) { }
for ( int i = 1 ; i < 10 ; i ++) { }
for ( int i = 10 ; i >= 0 ; i --) { }
for ( int i = 1 ; i <= 10 ; i += 2 ) { }
for ( int i = 10 ; i >= 0 ; i -= 2 ) { }
for ( String item : collection ) { }
for ( Map . Entry < String , String > entry : map . entrySet ()) { }
科特林
for (i in 1 .. 10 ) { }
for (i in 1 until 10 ) { }
for (i in 10 downTo 0 ) { }
for (i in 1 .. 10 step 2 ) { }
for (i in 10 downTo 0 step 2 ) { }
for (item in collection) { }
for ((key, value) in map) { }
爪哇
final List < Integer > listOfNumber = Arrays . asList ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 );
final Map < Integer , String > keyValue = new HashMap < Integer , String >();
map . put ( 1 , "Amit" );
map . put ( 2 , "Anand" );
map . put ( 3 , "Messi" );
// Java 9
final List < Integer > listOfNumber = List . of ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 );
final Map < Integer , String > keyValue = Map . of ( 1 , "Amit" ,
2 , "Anand" ,
3 , "Messi" );
科特林
val listOfNumber = listOf ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 )
val keyValue = mapOf ( 1 to " Amit " ,
2 to " Anand " ,
3 to " Messi " )
爪哇
// Java 7 and below
for ( Car car : cars ) {
System . out . println ( car . speed );
}
// Java 8+
cars . forEach ( car -> System . out . println ( car . speed ));
// Java 7 and below
for ( Car car : cars ) {
if ( car . speed > 100 ) {
System . out . println ( car . speed );
}
}
// Java 8+
cars . stream (). filter ( car -> car . speed > 100 ). forEach ( car -> System . out . println ( car . speed ));
cars . parallelStream (). filter ( car -> car . speed > 100 ). forEach ( car -> System . out . println ( car . speed ));
科特林
cars.forEach {
println (it.speed)
}
cars.filter { it.speed > 100 }
.forEach { println (it.speed)}
// kotlin 1.1+
cars.stream().filter { it.speed > 100 }.forEach { println (it.speed)}
cars.parallelStream().filter { it.speed > 100 }.forEach { println (it.speed)}
爪哇
String [] splits = "param=car" . split ( "=" );
String param = splits [ 0 ];
String value = splits [ 1 ];
科特林
val (param, value) = " param=car " .split( " = " )
爪哇
void doSomething () {
// logic here
}
科特林
fun doSomething () {
// logic here
}
爪哇
double calculateCost ( int quantity , double pricePerItem ) {
return pricePerItem * quantity ;
}
double calculateCost ( int quantity ) {
// default price is 20.5
return 20.5 * quantity ;
}
科特林
fun calculateCost ( quantity : Int , pricePerItem : Double = 20.5) = quantity * pricePerItem
calculateCost( 10 , 25.0 ) // 250
calculateCost( 10 ) // 205
爪哇
void doSomething ( int ... numbers ) {
// logic here
}
科特林
fun doSomething ( vararg numbers : Int ) {
// logic here
}
爪哇
int getScore () {
// logic here
return score ;
}
科特林
fun getScore (): Int {
// logic here
return score
}
// as a single-expression function
fun getScore (): Int = score
// even simpler (type will be determined automatically)
fun getScore () = score // return-type is Int
爪哇
int getScore ( int value ) {
// logic here
return 2 * value ;
}
科特林
fun getScore ( value : Int ): Int {
// logic here
return 2 * value
}
// as a single-expression function
fun getScore ( value : Int ): Int = 2 * value
// even simpler (type will be determined automatically)
fun getScore ( value : Int ) = 2 * value // return-type is int
爪哇
public class Utils {
private Utils () {
// This utility class is not publicly instantiable
}
public static int getScore ( int value ) {
return 2 * value ;
}
}
科特林
class Utils private constructor() {
companion object {
fun getScore ( value : Int ): Int {
return 2 * value
}
}
}
// another way
object Utils {
fun getScore ( value : Int ): Int {
return 2 * value
}
}
爪哇
public class Developer {
private String name ;
private int age ;
public Developer ( String name , int age ) {
this . name = name ;
this . age = age ;
}
public String getName () {
return name ;
}
public void setName ( String name ) {
this . name = name ;
}
public int getAge () {
return age ;
}
public void setAge ( int age ) {
this . age = age ;
}
@ Override
public boolean equals ( Object o ) {
if ( this == o ) return true ;
if ( o == null || getClass () != o . getClass ()) return false ;
Developer developer = ( Developer ) o ;
if ( age != developer . age ) return false ;
return name != null ? name . equals ( developer . name ) : developer . name == null ;
}
@ Override
public int hashCode () {
int result = name != null ? name . hashCode () : 0 ;
result = 31 * result + age ;
return result ;
}
@ Override
public String toString () {
return "Developer{" +
"name='" + name + ''' +
", age=" + age +
'}' ;
}
}
科特林
data class Developer ( var name : String , var age : Int )
爪哇
public class Developer implements Cloneable {
private String name ;
private int age ;
public Developer ( String name , int age ) {
this . name = name ;
this . age = age ;
}
@ Override
protected Object clone () throws CloneNotSupportedException {
return ( Developer ) super . clone ();
}
}
// cloning or copying
Developer dev = new Developer ( "Messi" , 30 );
try {
Developer dev2 = ( Developer ) dev . clone ();
} catch ( CloneNotSupportedException e ) {
// handle exception
}
科特林
data class Developer ( var name : String , var age : Int )
// cloning or copying
val dev = Developer ( " Messi " , 30 )
val dev2 = dev.copy()
// in case you only want to copy selected properties
val dev2 = dev.copy(age = 25 )
爪哇
// Example #1
interface SomeInterface < T > {
void doSomething ( T data );
}
class SomeClass implements SomeInterface < String > {
@ Override
public void doSomething ( String data ) {
// some logic
}
}
// Example #2
interface SomeInterface < T extends Collection <?>> {
void doSomething ( T data );
}
class SomeClass implements SomeInterface < List < String >> {
@ Override
public void doSomething ( List < String > data ) {
// some logic
}
}
科特林
interface SomeInterface < T > {
fun doSomething ( data : T )
}
class SomeClass : SomeInterface < String > {
override fun doSomething ( data : String ) {
// some logic
}
}
interface SomeInterface < T : Collection < * >> {
fun doSomething ( data : T )
}
class SomeClass : SomeInterface < List < String >> {
override fun doSomething ( data : List < String >) {
// some logic
}
}
爪哇
public class Utils {
private Utils () {
// This utility class is not publicly instantiable
}
public static int triple ( int value ) {
return 3 * value ;
}
}
int result = Utils . triple ( 3 );
科特林
fun Int. triple (): Int {
return this * 3
}
var result = 3 .triple()
爪哇
Person person ;
科特林
internal lateinit var person : Person
爪哇
public enum Direction {
NORTH ( 1 ),
SOUTH ( 2 ),
WEST ( 3 ),
EAST ( 4 );
int direction ;
Direction ( int direction ) {
this . direction = direction ;
}
public int getDirection () {
return direction ;
}
}
科特林
enum class Direction ( val direction : Int ) {
NORTH ( 1 ),
SOUTH ( 2 ),
WEST ( 3 ),
EAST ( 4 );
}
爪哇
List < Profile > profiles = loadProfiles ( context );
Collections . sort ( profiles , new Comparator < Profile >() {
@ Override
public int compare ( Profile profile1 , Profile profile2 ) {
if ( profile1 . getAge () > profile2 . getAge ()) return 1 ;
if ( profile1 . getAge () < profile2 . getAge ()) return - 1 ;
return 0 ;
}
});
科特林
val profile = loadProfiles(context)
profile.sortedWith( Comparator ({ profile1, profile2 ->
if (profile1.age > profile2.age) return @Comparator 1
if (profile1.age < profile2.age) return @Comparator - 1
return @Comparator 0
}))
爪哇
AsyncTask < Void , Void , Profile > task = new AsyncTask < Void , Void , Profile >() {
@ Override
protected Profile doInBackground ( Void ... voids ) {
// fetch profile from API or DB
return null ;
}
@ Override
protected void onPreExecute () {
super . onPreExecute ();
// do something
}
};
科特林
val task = object : AsyncTask < Void , Void , Profile >() {
override fun doInBackground ( vararg voids : Void ): Profile ? {
// fetch profile from API or DB
return null
}
override fun onPreExecute () {
super .onPreExecute()
// do something
}
}
爪哇
public class User {
{ //Initialization block
System . out . println ( "Init block" );
}
}
科特林
class User {
init { // Initialization block
println ( " Init block " )
}
}
Copyright (C) 2024 Amit Shekhar
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
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